Almost no state in the world exists without any enterprises. This applies even to those powers where agriculture is a priority, which also cannot do without special machines, mechanisms and equipment. In this article, we will study Lithuanian industries, their fixed assets, and population income.
general information
The Baltic country for a very long period of time was characterized by stable development of the agricultural sector with almost complete absence of technical progress. A real breakthrough in this direction occurred when Lithuania became part of the Soviet Union.
It was then that the industrialization of the country started, which manifested itself in the large-scale construction of various factories, factories, power plants. Lithuania also received additional stimulation when, when the territory of Klaipeda, a region with a Baltic port, became part of the state. It is worth noting that the gross domestic product per capita of Lithuania, whose industry and agriculture were then on the rise, was in 39th place in the world.
but on the other hand
But a period of tremendous growth was followed by a sharp decline, which marked the collapse of the USSR. Since the industry of Lithuania was very dependent on the entire state machinery of the Soviets, it suffered quite a lot. Nevertheless, the government of the Baltic state was able to establish a new banking sector and its own financial system, as well as carry out large-scale privatization. But the most important thing is that the country's leadership was able to prevent the shutdown of enterprises and keep the standard of living of citizens at an acceptable level.
Real day
In 2019, a living wage was set at 555 euros (41,000 rubles) in the country. At the same time, Lithuanian industry provides 31% of the country's total GDP. Moreover, in terms of ease of doing business, the state ranks 19th in the world according to the World Bank.
Oil sector
After Lithuania gained independence, it inherited the Mazeikiai Oil Refinery. This enterprise has a capacity that doubles the population’s oil needs. And it is located 100 km from the sea coast.
The raw materials for the giant were supplied mainly from Russia, however, after the sale of the plant to foreigners and against the backdrop of the current political world situation, today supplies from the Russian Federation to the enterprise are almost reduced to zero. Moreover, to ensure independence from Russia, the newest oil loading terminal in Buting was erected on the Baltic coast, which, in turn, made it possible to receive “black gold” from other countries.
In 2006, a serious technological accident occurred on the Baltic branch of the Druzhba oil pipeline, as a result of which this section of the transport pipe is still closed.
Life in the European Union
In 2004, the Lithuanian industry after the country's entry into the EU amounted to 23% in the structure of gross domestic product. The main industries in this case are chemical and processing. Also, textile and oil refining, instrument making began to actively develop.
Energetics
Electricity in Lithuania is produced at the Kaunas TPP and Elektrenai TPP. It is important to note that upon joining the EU at the request of this association in Lithuania the only Ingalin nuclear power station was closed. In 2010, an energy bridge was built to Lithuania from Sweden. The production of gasoline in the Baltic country is carried out at the Orlen plant, whose work is facilitated by Norwegian and Finnish companies that supply raw materials.
The year 2004 was marked by the commissioning of a liquefied gas terminal called Freedom, which is located in Klaipeda. Before its appearance, the Russian Gazprom was a monopolist in the issue of deliveries of "blue fuel" to Lithuania, but the new terminal changed the situation, since gas from Norway began to flow to it in rather large volumes. Moreover, this happened for political reasons, since Norwegian gas is more expensive than Russian. In general, licensed gas companies in Lithuania are:
- Letovus dues is the owner of all gas pipelines in the state through which fuel is transported to the public.
- Ahema and Yosvainiai are companies supplying gas to profiled enterprises.
Alternative electricity production in Lithuania is the use of wind energy.
Engineering
About 100 enterprises producing machinery, mechanisms and metalworking are based in Lithuania. Well-developed machine tool industry in the country. The main plants of this profile are located in Zalgiris, Vilnius and Kaunas. Also in Lithuania, electric motors of medium and low power are produced.
The production of various agricultural fertilizers, fibers and plastics for various needs has also been established. The centers of the chemical industry are Jonava and Kedayanaya, which also produce superphosphate, ammophos and phosphoric acid.
It should be noted and the pharmacological sector, specializing in the production of a variety of injectable drugs.
Food industry
Lithuanian food industry can be briefly described as follows.
Food production enterprises in Lithuania number about 120. There are also 8 large meat processing companies in the country, supplying their products both to the domestic market and abroad. Klaipeda is a real center of the country for the production of canned, salted and smoked fish.
Conclusion
What else can Lithuania boast of? Light industry is also an area that is actively replenishing the country's budget. Currently, about 500 companies are registered in the state, employing nearly 60 thousand people. At the same time, the sewing industry, where almost half of the entire personnel of the country's light industry is involved, is particularly prominent.
Also, we will not ignore the textile industry for the processing of flax, which is supplied to Lithuania from Ukraine, Germany, Belgium, Denmark. Moreover, almost all finished products are ultimately supplied to the European Union.