In the Russian language there are subjunctive, imperative and indicative moods. The charm for us, as native speakers of the Russian language, is that by name we intuitively understand the essence of these grammatical categories, even if we cannot explain this from the standpoint of linguistics. The subjunctive mood is used when there is a certain condition for performing an action. We use imperative when we command or command someone to do something, and indicative - when we tell something, we state thoughts. But this is a philistine approach. Let's look at the category of mood from the perspective of linguistics.
So, any, not just indicative, mood expresses the relation of action to reality from the position of the one who speaks. Therefore, one can consider the inclination to be an intentional, that is, depending on the speaker’s goal, category. To determine the inclination, the subject’s position is always first determined, since it determines whether the action is desired, possible or implied.
Reality and the possibility of action in 3 tenses - present, past and future - expresses an indicative mood. Example:
I never thought that Beijing is such a beautiful city.
Looking through old photographs, he involuntarily recalled the past.
It seems that nothing can be returned.
Leaning tiredly on a stick, the old man hobbled along a snowy alley.
Next week I’ll go and talk to him, and by then you should have all the documents ready.
Signs of indicative mood are endings that indicate the face and tense of the verb. Verbs of indicative mood can be perfect and imperfect form and have in the past tense the form of gender and number.
The indicative mood in English is close to that in Russian. It performs the same functions and also shows that the action can take place at different times.
The imperative mood shows the expression of will to the second person, the addressee of the message. Inclination can act as an order, a request. All forms of imperative are used in 2 persons exclusively in the active voice.
There are verbs from which the imperative is not formed. It is “to be able,” “to see,” “to want.” The fact is that these verbs denote an action that cannot be controlled by a person. Some linguists endure both the form of the imperative and the indicative mood, or rather, its form and combination with the particle “let”. For instance:
Leave the children alone, let them play.
Let it be, as it will, no need to change anything.
And also poetic forms with a yes particle:
Long live the peaceful sky, happiness and the sun!
The examples described are called synthetic forms of the imperative.
The subjunctive mood expresses a theoretically possible action. This action
can be realized if certain conditions are met. Inclination is formed by adding “to” particles to the verb, that is, analytically:
If yes, if only mushrooms would grow in your mouth!