The journalistic style is one of the functional varieties of the language, which is widely used in quite a few areas of public life. This is the language of the media (newspapers, magazines, television), public speaking (including political), political literature for mass reading, documentaries, etc.
Often the journalistic style is called the newspaper-journalistic (newspaper) or socio-political. Nevertheless, all these definitions are less accurate, since they determine only certain areas of the functioning of this kind of literary language.
The name of the style is associated with journalism and characterizes the features of related works. It means a special combination of literature and journalism. It discusses relevant literary, legal, political, economic, philosophical and other problems of our time with the aim of influencing public opinion and political institutions. Journalism is often used in both scientific and fiction.
Journalism and journalistic style are not identical concepts. The first is a kind of literature, and the second is a functional kind of language. This orientation may differ in works of different styles. A journalistic style (text, article) may not have anything to do with journalism due, for example, to the irrelevance of the problem.
The main functions of this style are informational and affecting the mass addressee. And if the first function is inherent in almost all other styles, then the second is systemically important for works that are characterized by a journalistic style.
Genres of the whole direction are usually divided into three groups: analytical (article, conversation, correspondence, review, review, review), information (report, reportage, note, interview) and journalistic (essay, feuilleton, essay, pamphlet).
Consider the features of the most common genres most often used in newspaper journalism.
Chronicle is a genre of news journalism , a selection of messages, a statement of the presence of an event in time. Messages are short, extremely informative, with mandatory time signals: "today", "tomorrow", "yesterday".
Reporting is also a news genre. In it, the story of the event is being conducted simultaneously with the unfolding action. The means of transmitting the speaker’s presence in the thick of events are used (for example, “we are in ...”), the composition captures the natural course of the event.
Interviews belong to the multifunctional genre. These can be news or analytical texts, which are united by a form of dialogical discussion of the problem.
The article relates to the analytical genre. It presents the results of a study of a problem or event that has occurred. The main stylistic feature of this genre is reasoning on theses with their argumentation, logical presentation, conclusions. Journalistic articles can be oriented towards a scientific, conversational or other style.
The essay belongs to the artistic and journalistic genre. It is characterized by a figurative, concrete-sensual presentation of facts, problems, themes. Essays can be portrait, event, problem, travel.
Feuilleton belongs to the artistic and journalistic genre, which represents a journalistic style. In it, the problem or event is presented in satirical (sometimes humorous) coverage. Such works are targeted (make fun of a certain fact) or addressless (denounce negative phenomena in general).