The organization of work is a special system that allows you to achieve certain results when using the labor of the organization’s personnel. Material production has three components: objects of labor, tools and labor. To organize the production process , one more main condition is required: purposeful, organized human activity, which drives the production mechanism. Improving the organization of labor is one of the main tasks set by the personnel management services.
The following elements of labor organization can be distinguished: division of labor (distribution of duties and fixing workers in the workplace), organization of the workplace in accordance with all the requirements, cooperation of labor activity (organization of mutual relations between workers), selection, training of employees, development of methods and receptions of labor activity, advanced training of employees and retraining, ensuring safe working conditions, organization of discipline, pl aniating and accounting for labor activity, providing material incentives.
Improving the organization of labor is based on the use of the laws of physiology, economic laws, psychology, legal laws, and sociology. If, before the introduction of specific methods of organizing the labor process, a scientific analysis was carried out, it means that we are talking about the scientific organization of labor. The economic task of organizing labor activities is “responsible” for the feasibility of using specific equipment, raw materials or materials in the production process. Psychophysiology helps to create working conditions that are safe for the health of employees and provide them with a high level of performance. The social component of the organization of work allows you to increase the satisfaction of people from the labor process, along with increasing their professional level.
Improving the organization of labor is not just a set of measures aimed at improving forms of labor and the use of new methods of production. Improving the organization of labor is a constant and continuous creative process that adapts to the constant change in production technology and the level of the production process.
To improve the organization of labor, it is necessary to divide labor into separate elements of the process that have certain functions, highlight the qualification groups of workers, and assign private work processes to individual sectors or groups of people.
The deepening of the division of labor is another component of the organization of labor activity, which consists in the specialization of workers and departments, and, as a result, the improvement of labor productivity. All operations slowing down the production process must be minimized. At the same time, one cannot cut back time for rest and lunch and take into account some effects that lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of specialization.
Cooperation of labor activity allows combining several production processes into one. Modern forms of labor organization are based on division and cooperation, because, thanks to them, the personnel are distributed among the workplaces, the interconnected activity of the enterprise employees is ensured, the volume of work and the specific functions performed, the interchangeability of the employees are determined, the employee’s inclination to the work received is revealed, and much more.
One of the main tasks of the personnel management service is to create favorable conditions for the rational organization of labor activity, in which employees work with pleasure and are interested in the high efficiency of their work and the entire production process.