Real wine is expensive, which is why most consumers don’t even know what it tastes like. All the usual cheap, standing on the shelves of any supermarket, is made artificially, with a small content of natural raw materials.
Definition
Speaking in a scientific language, wine is a drink with an alcohol content not higher than 22% vol. It turns out as a result of partial (interrupted) or complete fermentation of the juice. Wine is fruit and grape, depending on the raw materials used - grapes or other berries and fruits. Moreover, depending on the area where the source material was collected, manufacturing can be carried out in various ways. The traditions and rules of this or that territory make their mark, both in technology and in the taste of the drink.
The chemical composition of wine has about 600 components (organic and inorganic additives). The main ones are water, feedstock, sugars (fructose, glucose) and ethyl alcohol.
We will dwell in more detail on the study of such a variety as rose wine.
History
Wine is such an ancient drink that the true year of its first appearance in the world is simply unknown. Pink was made later than traditional red or white. The state in which it originated is also unknown.
The earliest and confirmed facts indicate that Rene Anjou (the French king who ruled in the 15th century) was very fond of rose wine. It was he who began the production of this drink on a large scale. Then in Provence, and began the production of wine "the color of the wild rose."
He was glorified by famous poets, only the courtiers and elected inhabitants of France knew his unusual taste. Closer to the 18th century, rose wine began to be exported to neighboring countries (Holland, Great Britain). A little later, the whole world was swept by a wave of "pink madness."
Today, along with French wines, Italian and Spanish are very popular. And the manufacture, sale of this drink is carried out all over the world.
Key manufacturing technologies
Pink wine is obtained as a result of strict adherence to all the rules and subtleties of its manufacture. It is very important in the process to preserve this unique color and not to oversaturate the drink with unnecessary substances characteristic of white or red wine.
How to get a pink tint :
- Use only quality grape varieties. It can be: Merlot, Jalita, Mattress, Saperavi, Cabernet - Sauvignon or Odessa Black.
- Squeeze the red varieties very carefully, you must not allow seeds and branches to get into the juice.
- Leave the berry peel in the prepared wort for a short time, then remove it from there, or use the “bloodletting” method. That is, take ready-made juice obtained in the manufacture of red wine.
This will give the future drink a beautiful pink color.
Also, some manufacturers resort to the method of mixing. Pink color is obtained when creating a blend of ready-made white and red wines. But such a production technology is not permitted in all states.
A method of making rose wine
To get a real and tasty drink, it is important to adhere to a clear and consistent technique for its manufacture. How is wine made, consider in stages:
1. Harvesting grapes
Here you need to pay special attention to the degree of maturity of the berries. In addition, the grapes must be clean. The collection is often carried out manually, less commonly used special mechanical equipment.
2. Sorting and receiving raw materials
Harvest is brought to wine warehouses, where it is placed in special containers. The mechanism is arranged in the form of a funnel, it crushes the berries and separates them from the ridges.
3. Crushing
Special devices tear the skin of the fruit to obtain the maximum amount of juice from them.
4. Fermentation and maceration
Wort connects and interacts with solid particles of grapes. The latter contain strong aromatic and coloring substances. The longer fermentation and maceration, the richer the taste and darker the color. For table wine 3-4 days are enough, for high quality wine more than 20 days are needed.
5. First fermentation (alcoholic)
Water phase. Sugars contained in grapes under the influence of yeast for 4-10 days are converted to alcohol. The required temperature is +20 0 . Bentonite is added.
6. Pressing and decuvage (depending on the type of wine)
After draining the liquid, the pulp is extracted and pressed from the vat. This is necessary for receiving wine-gravity.
7. Second fermentation (malolactic)
It is carried out only as needed. Lactobacilli are used that convert malic acid into milk acid, reduce the acidity of the drink and alter its taste.
8. Sulfite
To lighten the wort and delay its oxidation, sulfur is used. It is necessary to strictly maintain and observe proportions and technology.
The production of rosé wine is carried out according to the mixed production technology of white and red. A slightly altered sequence can be applied to a pressed or drained beverage.
The best rose wines
The most popular and sought after are Italian and French roses. Here they began to produce earlier than everywhere. The recipe and features of the production of rosé wines have been preserved and improved for centuries. Moreover, it is in France and Italy that one can find grape varieties that are not found in any other state.
The laws of these countries regarding the production and sale of wine are quite strict and severe. This gives an additional guarantee of the quality and naturalness of the drink.
French rose wines
Today the sun drink is popular all over the world. Residents of all countries know and love rosé wine. France is a state that occupies a special place among other manufacturers. Almost all of its regions are engaged in the creation of wine.
Special attention should be paid to Provence. The first large-scale wine production began here, and it remains the leading French region in our time. The production of a pink drink in Provence is made from Senso, Grenache and Mourvedre grapes, the characteristic differences of which are considered light notes of strawberries in taste.
The most famous brands of pink drink are also produced in Anjou and Travel.
Travel is a small village in the Rhone Valley. Its peculiarity is that only 9 grape varieties are grown here and only rosé wines are produced. Anjou is a region producing a classic rose-colored drink.
And the latter is famous for such famous types of wine as:
- Semi-dry Rose d'Anjou. Slightly watery, without a bright aroma and pronounced taste.
- Semi-dry Cabernet d'Anjou. The aroma contains strawberry shades.
- Dry pink wine "Rose de Loire", with a refreshing aroma and delicate aftertaste.
All over France a wonderful drink is made. No less famous are the wines found in Champagne and Sancerre, not to mention the familiar “Bordeaux” and “Marsan”.
Spanish and Italian wines
For a pink drink in these temperamental countries, Tempranillo and Garnacha grapes are used. Here the wine is called "Rosado." Unlike the soft French rose, it contains more alcohol, and its taste is more brutal and pronounced.
Rosé wines in Spain are associated with the provinces of Rioja and Navarra. And in Italy, rosado is produced everywhere, although it has not yet received worldwide recognition. Perhaps because of the too bright taste conveyed to the drink by the incendiary nature of the local population.
Sparkling pink
Pink sparkling wines are made by a method similar to the production of champagne. Its meaning is that wine should be fermented twice. The first is in a special container, the second is directly in the bottle. Pink sparkling wines are poured into containers made of thick glass, this condition is necessary to preserve their features.
The unsurpassed taste and aroma of such a drink is perfectly complemented by a saturated bright color.
Nutmeg wine
It differs from the traditional in a very pronounced specific aroma. Muscat grapes are used for its manufacture. They have a high content of essential oils that give the drink an unusual taste.
Pink nutmeg (wine) is most often made from the same grape variety. But other varieties of it can be used. This drink is recognized as the most aromatic among all types of wines.
"Lambrusco" - rose wine
Made from red grape varieties. The taste of this drink is filled with bright fruity notes. It is produced in Italy (Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna). The names of the wines of the same grape variety from which they are made.
The first large-scale mentions of the Lambrusco drink date back to ancient times. The Romans loved him very much. Over time, the wine changed, its various types appeared. Today, there are more than 60 different varieties. This is a relatively inexpensive wine.
How to choose the right pink wine?
The main evaluation criteria for this drink are color and taste. The producer is also important, but today high-quality rosé is made all over the world. A special distinguishing feature of the rose is a light fruity flavor and refreshing acidity.
Regarding color, the range ranges from a light pink to a pronounced red. It depends on the grape variety the wine is made from.
What you should pay attention to first of all:
- Manufacturer. The manufacturer must be indicated on each bottle, this is a prerequisite for a quality product.
- Year of harvest. It is a collection, not a year of aging or bottling. This will give you a guarantee that the product is natural.
- Grape varieties. The label must indicate the specific names of the varieties.
- Place of manufacture.
- The exposure time. According to this indicator, wines are divided into 3 types. Ordinary - without aging, vintage - 3-7 years, collection - more than 6 years.
- A brief description of the drink. Some unique and special characteristics of this particular wine can be listed here.
- Cost. A good, natural and well-made wine cannot be cheap.
- Bung. When opening the bottle, pay attention to its condition. If the cork crumbled or broken, the technology for preparing or blocking the drink was violated. Or substandard material was used.
- What wine is sold for. A real rose is bottled in glass bottles. Ceramic, cardboard and other materials cannot properly preserve the taste of wine.
- Correctly indicated drink strength. Fortified wine - from 12-16 0 for a vintage dessert, to 17-20 0 (muscat, port, cahors, etc.), vermouth - 13-18 0 , sparkling wine - 11-13 0 .
The country of origin and the percentage of sugars (sweet, semi-sweet, dry, semi-dry) practically do not affect the quality of the drink. Each person chooses them at their own discretion and taste.
Product Compatibility
Wine is a noble drink. He has his own consumption culture - infographics (pair selection for wine) and a certain etiquette of drinking. We will answer the basic question of how and with what to drink rose wine? There are various reviews, but let's get acquainted with the so-called drink infographic rules.
Sparkling rose perfectly emphasizes the tastes of the main dishes (it can be pasta, risotto, etc.). Semi-sweet pink wine is suitable for fruit desserts, and semi-dry wine is suitable for hot snacks. Dry wines are just made for all types of cheeses.
In general, the rose is considered a fairly versatile drink to combine with various dishes.
Unusual facts about wine
The oldest drink, which has retained its popularity all over the world today, is exactly what wine is said to be. We will tell you the most unusual facts about him.
- Scientists have recognized that wine is the oldest drink containing alcohol. They believe that he is more than 50 thousand years old.
- The word “wine” is mentioned 450 times in the Bible.
- From 1800 BC e. In Babylonia, a code was in force under the laws of which producers of bad wine were killed (they were drowned).
- A bottle of the oldest wine was found in Germany. The date of its blockage is 325 BC. e.
- The first registered wine - sherry "De la Frontera." Only 5 bottles for which the crop was harvested in 1775.
- The average wine can not be stored for more than 10 years, it loses its taste.
- For the production of 1 bottle of German wine Troskenbeerenauslese, the grape harvester can spend a whole working day. This is a unique varietal drink.
- If you remove the skin from dark grapes, you can get white wine.
- “Aston Martin” is a Prince Charles biofuel car. Its peculiarity is that this fuel is extracted from wine.
A drink of the sun is made all over the world today. All continents, except Antarctica, are engaged in its manufacture. Noble, refreshing, invigorating, it will be an excellent option for any event, whether it is a romantic evening or a business conversation, a family dinner or a friendly meeting.
The wine was, is and will always be relevant always, anywhere and anytime.