The spelling of adverbs covers several points: this is the choice of a letter at the end of the word, and the use of particles and double –n. It is also the use of a dash in words.
Spelling adverbs through a hyphen is explained in just four basic rules. So, with a dash are written:
1. Adverbs that have a prefix in-, in- and are formed from ordinal numbers: thirdly, firstly, etc.
2. Adverbs, in the composition of which there is an indefinite particle: ever, for some reason, in some places, somehow.
3. Adverbs that have the prefix in, but end in -y, -em, -sky, -om, -tski: childish, still, empty, childish, German, well done, apparently, in a friendly way, in their own way, in a bearish way, in different ways.
4. Adverbs consisting of two identical words, repeating roots or synonyms: kindly, a long time ago, just about, I’ll pick it up, a little more or less.
The spelling of adverbs does not raise a few questions. First, what particle do you use, ne- or ni-? And secondly, to write this particle together or separately in words?
Negative adverbs are written together: from nowhere, not at all, not at all, not at all.
A particle is not written with the word if it is not used without it. For example: carelessly, reluctantly, perplexed.
An adverb is written together with ne- in the case when it forms a new word with it, which can be replaced by an adverb without ne-. For example, sadly (sadly), incredulously (suspiciously).
Separate spelling of dialects with "not" occurs in one case: when this particle is used for negation, that is, in the sentence it is either implied, or there is a direct opposition, which is expressed by the union "a". For example: study is not easy for him, but with great difficulty.
The choice of using a particle is not- or not- depends on the stress in the word. If it falls on a particle, then "not" is written, and without it, "neither." For example, once - never.
It is necessary to distinguish negative dialects, which in a sentence usually appear as a circumstance (from nowhere - a circumstance of a place - I do not wait for a letter), from negative pronouns. They usually play the role of subject or complement: There is no letter from anyone (from whom? - supplement).
Spelling adverbs at the end depends on the stress, the presence of the prefix. Some forms of words have developed historically and have no modern explanation.
So, after sizzling in all the dialects, "b" is written. For example, wide open, all the time, jump up, away, rewind. The exception is three words: unbearable, married, really.
Under stress at the end of the dialects is written "o", and without it - "e". For example, indignant, mighty, good, defiant, hot.
The ending -a have adverbs with the prefixes do-, from-, s-. For example, satiety, from afar, slightly, long, white, to the left.
The ending -o have adverbs with the prefixes za-, na, v-. For example, long, right, left.
The spelling of adverbs with one or two letters "n" depends on what part of the speech lies in their basis.
If they are formed from participles or adjectives with -nn-, then they themselves are also written with the same number of n. For example, restrained - restrained, artificial - artificially, genuine - authentic.
If the adverbs on "o" or "e" are formed from such adjectives that basically have one "n", then they are also written with one "n". For example, peaceful - peacefully, skillful - skillfully.
Adverbs should be distinguished from passive short participles in the past tense. They, like short adjectives, explain the noun. For example: Children spoke excitedly (what did they say?). Excited - this is an adverb that matters in the verb argued the circumstances of the mode of action. It is formed from the sacrament excited. And here is the following illustrative example: The curiosity of the children (what?) Is excited. The last word in this example is a predicate that clarifies the noun curiosity, expressed in a brief participle.