Complex sentences with subordinate elements are divided into several groups. There are three of them. In speech, an expression of complex subordination may be encountered with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses, heterogeneous (parallel) and sequential. Further in the article, we consider the features of one of these categories. What is a complex sentence with a uniform subordination of subordinate clauses?
General information
The homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses (examples of such constructions will be given below) is an expression in which each part refers to the main element or to a specific word in it. The latter option takes place if the additional component distributes only a certain part of the main one. Sentences with uniform subordination of subordinate clauses have a number of features. So, the propagating elements are of the same type, that is, they answer the same question. Usually they are connected with each other by creative unions. If they have the meaning of enumeration, then the connection is unionless, as in homogeneous members. Here, in general, what does homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses mean.
Communication in context
1. The hushed boys watched after the car / 1, until it drove out of the intersection / 2, until the dust raised by it scattered / 3, until it itself turned into a ball of dust / 4.
This sentence is complex. It consists of four simple ones. The first of them is the main thing, the next ones are the adverbs of time, which all relate to the main thing. Each answers the same question - until when? The main all-in-one alliance links together all the additional elements. Thus, we have a uniform subordination of subordinate clauses.
2. Dad told me / 1 that he had never seen such breads / 2 and / that the current harvest is very good / 3.
Such a proposal is complex. It consists of three simple ones. The very first of them is the main thing, the next ones are secondary or additional. All of them relate to the only predicate "spoke." It is expressed by the verb in the first sentence. You can ask them one question - "what?". With the union of the “what,” which is the main one, every subordinate is connected. They are connected to each other by the connecting union "and". It follows that the construction of the expression used a uniform subordination of subordinate clauses.
3. The main union connecting additional elements may in some cases be omitted, but it is easy to restore it.
For example: A man watched / 1 as the boat returned to the ship / 2 and / the sailors pulled each other for a very long time, pulling it on the hoists / 3. - The man watched / 1, how the boat returned to the ship / 2 and / how the sailors pulled each other for a very long time, pulled it on the hoists / 3.
Punctuation marks
1. If a connecting or dividing union ("yes", "and" with the meaning "or", "and", "or") connects homogeneous clauses, then they do not put a comma between them:
Dad told me that he had never seen such breads and that this year a very good harvest.
He seriously stated that we must immediately leave his house or he would call the police.
2. A comma is placed between subordinate homogeneous sentences in the event that the compositional conjunctions are repeated .
Once in the hospital, he recalled how they were suddenly attacked by the Nazis, and how everyone was surrounded, and how the unit managed to get to their own.
3. If the unions "whether ... or" are used as repeating structures (in the example, you can change to whether), the homogeneous subordinate clauses associated with them are separated by a comma.
It was impossible to understand if it was a fire, or if the moon was beginning to rise. - It was impossible to understand whether it was a fire, whether the moon was beginning to rise.
Combined Joint Structures
A proposal with numerous uniform subordination of subordinate clauses is found in several variants. So, parallel and serial connection are possible together , for example. For this reason, when parsing, you do not need to immediately draw up a general outline or rush to place punctuation marks.
Context analysis
Uniform subordination of subordinate clauses is dealt with in a certain pattern.
1. Highlighting the grammatical basis, consider the number of simple elements that make up the structure.
2. Designate all subordinate unions and allied words and, based on this, establish subordinate clauses and the main sentence.
3. The main element is determined for all additional. As a result, pairs are formed: the main-subordinate clause.
4. Based on the construction of a vertical diagram of a complex sentence , the nature of the subordination of subordinate structures is determined. It can be parallel, sequential, homogeneous, combined type.
5. A horizontal diagram is built, based on which punctuation marks are placed.
Parsing an offer
Example: The argument is that if your king will be here for three days, then you unconditionally must do what I tell you, and if he doesn’t stay, I will fulfill any order that you give me.
1. This complex proposal contains seven simple ones: The argument is / 1 that / 2 if your king will be here for three days / 3, then you unconditionally must do what / 2 I tell you / 4 and / if he doesn’t stay / 5 then I will execute any order / 6 that you give me / 7.
1) the argument is;
2) if your king will be here for three days;
3) something ... then you are unconditionally obligated to perform that;
4) what will I tell you;
5) if he does not stay;
6) then any order will be executed by me;
7) which you will give me.
2. The main proposal is the first (the argument is), the rest relate to the subordinate clause. Only the sixth sentence raises the question (then any order will be executed by me).
3. This complex sentence is divided into the following pairs:
1-> 2: the argument is that ... then you are unconditionally obligated to do this;
2-> 3: you are unconditionally obligated to do so if your king is here for three days;
2-> 4: you are unconditionally obligated to do what I tell you;
6-> 5: I will execute any order if it does not remain;
6-> 7: I will fulfill any order that you give me.
Possible difficulties
In the given example, it is somewhat difficult to understand what type of the sixth sentence is. In this situation, you need to look at the compositional union "a". In a complex sentence, he, unlike the subordinate connecting element, may not be next to the sentence related to it. Based on this, it is necessary to understand what simple elements this union connects. For this, only proposals containing oppositions are left, and the rest are removed. These parts are 2 and 6. But since sentence 2 refers to the subordinate clause, then 6 should also be so, since it is connected with 2 by a creative union. Check it out is easy. It is enough to insert the union that has proposal 2 and associate 6 with the main one related to 2. Example: The argument is that I will execute any order. Based on this, we can say that in both cases there is a uniform subordination of subordinate clauses, only in 6 the union “what” is omitted.
Conclusion
It turns out that this sentence is complex subject with uniformly related subordinate clauses (2 and 6 sentences), in parallel (3–4, 5–7) and sequentially (2–3, 2-4, 6–5, 6–7). To place punctuation marks, you need to define the boundaries of simple elements. At the same time, a possible combination at the border of the proposals of several unions is taken into account.