The concept of "irregular verbs" is firmly entrenched in linguistics and in the minds of ordinary people who learn languages such as English, German and others. But what is still meant? Simply put, these are the verbs that in the forms of the past, present and future tense do not change in accordance with any general rules. The only way you can learn and understand irregular verbs is through cramming. But nevertheless, some coincidences can be found, making it easier to learn the language.
Spanish irregular verbs
In Spanish, there are many pronouns that are atypical for Russian culture. For example, to contact the interlocutor, you need to choose from four options. Firstly, there is the pronoun tu. It is the equivalent of the Russian "you". Usted is used as a polite appeal to a person who is older or higher in rank. Essentially, it is “you” with a capital letter. But then there are discrepancies. For example, if a person speaks with a group of men, then vosotros should contact them. If his company is made up exclusively of women, then another pronoun, vosotras, must be used. If a person has respect for his listeners, then he needs to call them ustedes.
However, in fact, native speakers often do not use the pronoun in colloquial speech. They are needed only in order to know which form of the verb to use.
Irregular verbs in Spanish are also conjugated taking into account the pronoun, time and number. But the key factor is still the pronoun.
Following are a few examples of Spanish irregular verbs with translation.
Main verb
Spanish irregular verbs are quite numerous. But the main of them, of course, is the most common in the vast majority of languages of the world: "to be, to be" - ser.
You should start with the most important thing, that is, find out how to use this verb in relation to yourself. Without it, it is very difficult to say how a person feels, where he comes from, what he does. Therefore, of all Spanish irregular verbs, ser is taught first.
Yo is the Spanish equivalent of the Russian "I". When it is necessary to say "I am" or "I am," the Spaniards say yo soy. For example, yo soy una mujer, which literally means “I am a woman” (I am a woman).
When Spaniards turn to a friend or good friend, they say tú eres, which means "you are." Tu eres una mujer translates as "you are a woman."
When the conversation is about a third person of the masculine gender, then say él (he) es. If you need to say something like "he is a man," then say él es un hombre.
In the case of "her" (in Spanish, "she" is translated as ella) and with "you" (in Spanish, "you" is translated as usted) is exactly the same. Ella es is nothing but "she is," and usted es is "you are."
For example, ella es una mujer means "she is a woman," and usted es una mujer means "you are a woman." Nosotros (plural, masculine) and nosotras (plural, feminine) share the verb ser in the form somos: nosotros somos and nosotras somos. That is, "they (masculine) are" and "they (feminine) are."
The pronoun vosotros, which means “you” in relation to men, and the pronoun vosotras (“you” in relation to women) are used with the form of the verb ser - sois.
If the conversation is about a lot of men (ellos) or women (ellas), the form of the verb son is used. Ellas son translates as "they (women) are."
If a person addresses a group of people who are higher than him in position, then he must also say ustedes son. This translates to "you (plural) are."
And now it’s worth considering other irregular verbs of the Spanish language with translation.
The verb venir
In the infinitive, venir means come. In the present tense, there are six variations of this verb.
When a person talks about himself, he uses the vengo form. Yo vengo translates as "I come."
When a person addresses his interlocutor, who is on an equal footing with him, he must speak tú vienes.
The singular masculine (él) and feminine (ella) pronouns are used with the form of the verb viene.
She approaches the pronoun usted or "you". Usted viene means you come.
When a person speaks of a group of people including himself and those present, he uses nosotros (if it is only about men) or nosotras (if it is only about women) together with the form of the verb venimos. Nosotros venimos translates as "we come."
The pronouns vosotros and vosotras, which translate as "you" (respectful form), are used in conjunction with venís.
If we are talking about “them” (ellos or ellas depending on gender) or “you” (polite, plural, indefinite gender), then say vienen.
Verb caer
As a second example, the verb caer, which translates as "fall," is suitable.
Together with the first person singular (yo), the verb caigo is used. Yo caigo translates as "I am falling."
To inform the other person that he is falling, tu caes must be said.
The pronouns el, ella, and usted (he, she, and you) are used together with the verb form cae.
Nosotros and nosotras - caemos. For example, nosotros caemos means "we are falling."
If a person wants to inform someone that a group of people is falling, he must say ellos caéis. Ustedes caen translates to "you fall."
Finally
Without knowledge of Spanish irregular verbs, it is impossible to fully master the language. They allow the student to formulate their thoughts much more clearly and accurately. And this, in turn, gives him the opportunity to achieve impressive results in learning Spanish.