Transformers are an integral part of electronics

Transformers are devices that play one of the most important roles in places where electrical energy is used. Their main purpose is the generation of electricity and its supply. In the event that the current is transmitted over long distances, it should be small, while the voltage should be high. This can significantly reduce costs. On the other hand, significant stresses require a large number of insulating materials, which leads to high costs. Transformers are devices that are used to level such a contradiction. In a nutshell, they are used in power plants first to increase the voltage, and then to lower it. Due to this, the consumer receives the optimal current for himself.

Transformers this

In most cases, three-phase transformers are used . This can be explained by the fact that there are three phases in electric networks. Less commonly, several single devices are installed, interconnected by a star or a triangle. The efficiency of the transformers currently in use reaches 99 percent. Despite this, a significant part of the power is lost due to heat. That is why they use specially designed cooling systems.

transformer circuit
The network type transformer circuit (which is the most common in everyday life) is built on the principle that a variety of home electrical appliances differ in different degrees of voltage. Some time ago, the main problem of these devices was the large weight and dimensions. To solve it, a voltage is now rectified, which is then converted into pulses with a high frequency. Further in the transformer they are brought to the necessary parameters. This solution can significantly reduce the overall parameters of the power supply. There are also pulsed devices. The principle of this type of transformer is reduced to the fact that it transfers the so-called rectangular pulse. The main purpose of such a device is to transmit pulses without distortion.

The most convenient to use are devices such as autotransformers. The primary and secondary windings in them are directly connected to each other. Thanks to this, an electrical connection is also obtained between them, and not only electromagnetic. The winding has a minimum of three outputs. By connecting to each of them a voltage is formed with various indicators. Such devices are characterized by high efficiency, since the conversion occurs only with part of the power. At the same time, the chains of such transformers do not have isolation among themselves, which makes them cheaper. In this regard, they are most often used for industrial purposes.

transformer principle
In conclusion, it should be noted that transformers are devices that also have a separation function. In other words, they serve to prevent electric shock to a person while touching a grounded element and a poorly insulated device. The fact is that, provided that it is turned on through this device, it becomes impossible to contact the secondary circuit with ground and electric shock.

Source: https://habr.com/ru/post/C18162/


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