The largest city in Khanty-Mansiysk is Surgut. The population is over 300 thousand people. Surgut has become an important transportation hub, the oil capital of the Russian Federation, the energy and industrial Siberian center.
History
In 1594, February 19, the king issued a decree to build a new city on the banks of the Ob River. For this, V. Onichkov and F. Baryatinsky took 155 service people. So a new city was founded, called the Russian explorers of Surgut. A copy of the royal decree is kept in the city museum of local lore. And February 19th is considered the foundation day of the city.
It is located on the right bank of the river. Ob. The place for the city was not chosen by chance. In those days, furs were in great demand. In Siberia, there were a lot of sables, ermines, arctic foxes, etc. Gas and oil were discovered much later - in the twentieth century. The initial area of Surgut was small - only a few dozen houses and utility buildings were built on it.
At first, the population of Surgut was estimated at only 155 servicemen and their families. Plus a small detachment of clergy, interpreters, executioner and watchmen. Two years later, the king increased the size of the city, sending 112 soldiers there to help. In 1782, the status of the city of Surgut was assigned for the first time. But in 1826, due to its small population, it began to be called a village. In 1965, active development of gas and oil fields began. And Surgut, whose population has increased significantly, re-received the status of a city.
Description of the settlement
It is located on an area of 213 square kilometers. The city is located on the banks of the Ob River, in the center of the West Siberian Plain, in the taiga. The relief of Surgut harmoniously combines mountains and plains. The city is considered one of the regions of the Far North. Winter lasts almost nine months. Surgut is conditionally divided into three zones: the central part, the Old Town and the industrial zone.
There are five official areas:
- Northern;
- Oriental;
- Northern Industrial;
- Central;
- Northeastern.
Note that the city of Surgut was founded in an area where there are many lakes and marshes and a very cold climate. Therefore, houses in the city are built very durable and warm. Considerable attention is paid to high-quality thermal insulation. The city is very clean, but it is not always possible to remove completely snow due to capricious weather.
Surgut has its own airport, which has international status. In 2001, a terminal was opened, capable of passing 150 people per hour. The city has a railway and a river port. But it is active only in the summer. Here are located one of the most powerful power plants in the world - TPPs 1 and 2. In the territory of Surgut there are:
- meat processing plant;
- bakery;
- brewery;
- a dairy.
Time in Surgut: the difference with Moscow is two hours. This scatter arose due to the distance between cities, which is 2143 kilometers. Flight by plane takes only an hour and a half.
Population
The population in Surgut is greater than in Khanty-Mansiysk. And the latter is officially the administrative center of the region. Most residents of Surgut are able-bodied citizens aged 25-35 years. The population growth per year is almost 2000 people. Mostly people are employed in oil producing and refining enterprises.
The population in January 2014 amounted to 332.3 thousand people. People have been traveling to Surgut from all over the country since the sixties. Therefore, in the city you can meet many different nationalities. The main population is Khanty and Mansi. The number of unemployed in Surgut is constantly decreasing.
Population 2016
Currently, one of the major industrial centers of the Tyumen region of the Ugra district is the city of Surgut. The population for 2016 was 348 643 people. This is data from the federal state statistics service. The information is confirmed by the interdepartmental information system and the official Internet portal EMISS.
Demography, level and quality of life of the population
Thanks to the support of the government, due to numerous social programs, mortality has noticeably decreased in Surgut. And the birth rate increased by about seventy percent. Partly and at the expense of young people who come for permanent residence in Surgut. The population that lives in the city constantly is almost 340 thousand people. If we take it together with the surrounding cities (Kogalym, Nefteyugansk and Nizhnevartovsk), then it is 900,000.
Surgut is not without reason considered a youth city. 86,000 young people live there permanently, from 14 to 30 years old. In 2015, the average salary in Surgut was approximately 45 thousand rubles. According to forecasts, population growth in the near future should be 3,000 people. In 2015, according to statistics, 176 thousand people entered the category of active population. And this is over fifty percent of the total.
Surgut has one of the lowest unemployment rates in the district. In 2015, household income in comparison with 2014 increased by twenty-nine percent.