The subordinate clause in the Russian language causes particular difficulty in determining its type in the Unified State Examination in the second part. In fact, the definition of this very species does not cause big problems if you correctly ask questions from the main part.
The relative clause is the subordinate part of the compound sentence, the dependent part. As you know, the subordinate part can stand not only at the beginning of a sentence, but also in its middle or end. An important rule: any subclause is separated from the main comma or other signs. The subordinate parts can explain both the main part and each other. If several subordinate clauses explain each other, then this is called a series connection; if the subordinate clauses explain the main thing - parallel (in this case, as a rule, the subordinate clauses have a common union).
The subordinate clauses in the German language have a clear sequence of words, which cannot be said about the Russian language. Each word has its place there: subject, then predicate, and only then secondary members. A subordinate clause in the English language can fulfill the role of a predicate, subject or complement.
So, the subordinate clause in the Russian language has several types.
1) definitive (the main questions of widespread definitions - what? Which?; Are connected only with the help of unions: what, which, what, whose). Example: The house that stood on the mountain was the property of my grandmother.
2) explanatory (issues of indirect cases). Example: I know that soon everything will work out.
3) circumstances (have their own structure):
subordinate places (questions: how? where ?; are connected only (!) with the help of allied words: where, where, where);
additional clauses of time (questions of temporary circumstances: when? from when? how long ?; are connected exclusively with the help of unions: when, at a time, while, as soon as);
subordinate comparisons (questions: how? how much ?; connected with the help of unions: as if, by what - by that, exactly);
subordinate modes of action / degree (the following questions: how? to what extent? how ?; are connected using conjunctions: as if, how, what and allied words how, how much);
subordinate goals (questions: for what purpose? for what? why ?; are connected again only with the help of unions: so that, so that, so that);
subordinate conditions (questions: under what conditions ?; are connected here only with the help of unions: if, when, if, if);
subordinate cause (questions: why? why ?, are connected only with the help of unions: for, because, because of that);
subordinate consequence (questions: what follows from this ?; are connected using a single union: so);
subordinate concession (questions such as: contrary to what? despite the fact that ?; such subordinate clauses are joined with the help of several unions: although, letting them go, despite the fact that).
Thus, the subordinate clause in Russian explains and supplements the main part of the complex sentence. To determine the type of this sentence, it is enough just to pose the question correctly to that part, the meaning of which is revealed by the subordinate clause.