Always solid consonants in Russian

In Russian, most consonants are soft and hard, this quality is meaningful. Compare the words:

• chalk - stranded;
• bank - a bathhouse;
• guest - guest.

However, there are those whose hardness is a constant quality, which means that they are always solid.

Consonants: [w]

It is found in the following words:

• life [jiz'n '] .;
• liquid [life];
• honeysuckle [humps'];
• live [alive];
• trembling;
• guarding [the guardians];
• buzzing [buzzing];
• ginger [ginger];
• blisses [blisses].

When comparing spelling and sound, the following conclusion can be drawn: after this consonant, the letter and is written, and the sound [s] is heard. When choosing this spelling you need to be guided by the rule: WELL write with the letter I.

To play with a child in order to develop spelling skills, you can use, for example, the following text:

A bug buzzes over honeysuckle. He lives somewhere near the ground beetle. She guards her home from him. And the red hedgehogs run past the puddles. A bush is reflected in its liquid slush - just like a living one, only turned upside down.

Sound [w]

It is a solid, dull consonant, unlike [w], which is voiced. This phoneme can be observed in the words:

• expanse [shyr '];
• to sew [syt '];
• chiffon [schyfon];
• wardrobe [shyfan'yer];
• mice;
• silence [t'ishyna];
• ruffs [yirshy];
• pennies;
• in a hurry [sp'ishyt];
• will complete [over].

Here we are also dealing with the same tendency as in the case with the sound [g]: after [w] the letter and is written. The rule, as for the previous spelling: "SHI write with the letter And."

To develop the skill of the correct spelling of such words, we turn to the dictation:

Mice rustle under the roof slopes. One of them hears a cat breathing in silence, and hurries into its hole - there she has babies.

To summarize the intermediate result: always solid consonant sounds serve as identifying signs of the spelling "And after M and W".

Sound [q]

The last sound in which hardness is a constant quality is [c]. It is associated with more difficulties in terms of spelling. The spelling of vowels after this sound depends on the morpheme. Take examples of spelling words in the root of words:

• number [number];
• compasses [compasses];
• circus [circus];
• citron [citron];
• acacia [acacia];
• lecture [lecture];
• section [s'ektsyya];
• sanction [sanction].

Where there is this solid consonant in a word, we hear after it [s], however, we denote this phoneme in different ways. In the examples given above, spelling is governed by the following rule: after the letter C is written And in the root of the word. But there are exceptions in which you still need to put S:

• chick chick chick;
• on tiptoe;
• chick;
• to poke;
• tsyts;
• Roma.

In addition to these exceptions, it is also possible to spell Y in suffixes and endings:

• Sinitsyn;
• Boris Golitsyn ;
• sisters;
• near the hospital;
• without water;
• at the young woman;
• at the girl.

Play with your child to practice the spelling of words whose spelling is associated with the letter Ts:

A gypsy appears in the circus, he pokes at the chickens: "Tsyts!" They are hiding in the paws of a fox. The girls laugh, stand on tiptoe and loud applause greet fox kindness.

To summarize: always solid consonants in the alphabet are F, C, S. The following vowels can be written with them: I, S.

Replacing W with W

The sound [c] is not hissing. And the other two are called just such. In a weak position (at the end of a word or in front of deaf consonants) the sound [w] is replaced by [w]:

• married [zamush];
• already [ush];
• unbearable [nefterposh];
• spoon [spoon];
• horns [roshk'i].

The text of the dictation on this topic, which will help to carry out interesting training work on this spelling:

This always happens when consonant, voiced, hard sounds in a weak position are replaced by the same, only muffled ones.

Sisters Golitsyna got married. They are unbearable. And the dowry is ready: spoons, mugs, pillows, boots, tubs, cups, cups, cookers. And now on the path showed a shiver, there they go Seryozha, Alyoshka, Proshka and Olezhka - sister sisters. Here the fairy tale ends, and they lived happily ever after.

When put L after M and W

For the reason that the above consonants are always hard, a soft sign to indicate softness is never used with them. However, there are times when you can meet him after the letters M and W:

• mouse;
• False;
• shiver;
• brooch;
• nonsense;
• completely;
• do not touch;
• do you hear.

These examples illustrate the rule of using a soft sign to indicate the grammatical form of words:

1. 3 nouns: quiet, whim.
2. Adverbs: Swipe.
3. Verbs: you go, put it.

We use such offers for training:

It’s just a lie that the mouse is scary: don’t touch it, when you walk past it, it won’t touch it either.

If you are quiet in the house, and you don’t scream, don’t jump, do not bliss, there’s some catch, you don’t understand right away. What are you doing there, but yourself silent?

When b after F and W is not set

Always solid consonants [g] and [w] are sometimes written with a soft sign, and this depends on their grammatical category. And, conversely, the absence of this letter after them also has morphological significance:

1. There are no 3 nouns: baby, caretaker, roof covering.
2. A short adjective: good, good.
3. Adverbs: exceptions: married, unbearable.

Training text:

My baby is good, handsome and looks like a dad. He will be a pilot, fly above the roofs, you can’t follow him.

O and yo after hissing and c

Always solid consonants require a particularly careful attitude, since the pronunciation of the vowels after them does not always correspond to the spelling. This applies not only to the letters I and Y, but also O and Y:

• walked [shol];
• whisper [whisper];
• silk [silk];
• millstone [zhorof];
• acorn [acorn];
• rustle [rustle];
• highway [shose];
• jockey [jockey'ey].

The name of this spelling is “O and E in the root after hissing.” Rule: “If you can pick up a word with the letter E in the same root word, then we write –E, in the absence of one, we write O”. Let's check:

• acorn - acorn;
• silk - silk;
• millstones - millstones;
• rustle - cannot be checked;
• jockey - cannot be checked.

In suffixes and endings after M and W, the letter O is written under stress:

• walrus;
• big.

Without stress, you need to write the letter -E:

• Orange;
• pear.

After C, the letter E is never written, only O (under stress) or E (without stress).

• basement;
• church;
• end face;
• wrestling;
• shale;
• glossy;
• towel;
• stigma.

Consonants denoting a solid sound (F, W, C) require a lot of attention. As you can see, they are associated with a very large number of spelling patterns. The school program provides for control work related to the testing of knowledge with these consonants. For example, here is a dictation:

"Once we went hunting, and our dogs ran after us.

In the autumn, there are a lot of tasty things in the forests: cones, pears, honeysuckle, blackberry, acorns. Animals eat away at this time and grow fat.

Here we are in the most forest, we hear the barking of dogs and run to that place. There we see the hole of the fox. Dogs tore open the entrance and pulled her out. We drove the dogs away. The fox furry red outfit is slightly wrinkled, but still it is silk and smooth. Around the eyes are yellow circles. Breast is white, legs are black. Good foxes!

"We let go the poor fellow, she vividly scurried into the bushes, and the trace got cold from the fox-sister."