Retraining and advanced training of personnel: definition, purpose, classification

Is it difficult in our time to find a job, have a decent income? What is qualification and how important is it for a comfortable lifestyle? Was the classic right when he said that learning is light and ignorance is darkness? Are retraining and advanced training of teachers who teach, retrain and retrain future and current specialists?

Labor resources

All the benefits and pleasures that society can derive from material values, it receives due to the activities of people engaged in services, production, science. Citizens of working age who are currently working, as well as those who have a break in work but want to work, make up the active part of the country's labor resources.

If a person is in a normal physical and mental form, has reached an age at which responsibility for actions (at least before the law) is fully recognized, he can already find his place in the ranks of workers, doing simple, not requiring complex skills and knowledge, labor . But the unprecedented pace of technological progress is increasingly narrowing the scope of activities of such workers. The labor market needs specialists and people who are ready to improve their skills throughout life.

Why do you need to study again?

Studies by specialists have shown that over the course of a year, a university graduate forgets 20% of the knowledge that has not been used in practice. The development of some areas of science and production is so fast that in order to remain competitive, producers of goods are faced with the need to improve the professional level of their workers. Often literally all team members need additional knowledge, starting with leading specialists and ending with workers. Personnel training requires enormous material costs, so continuing education usually occurs in stages, according to the plan developed by management.

How to expand the business opportunities of staff

Further training is aimed at updating the lost knowledge and skills, acquaintance with innovative methods in the specialty, studying new technologies required in a changed situation at work. The employer decides when to send a specialist to courses, but the state requires that this happen at least 1 time in 5 years. Since it is possible to improve something that already exists, the improvement of competencies is available to holders of diplomas of secondary special or higher education. Methods of developing education can be classified as follows:

1. Targeted short-term (72-100 hours) study of materials on topics related to problems that have already arisen or expected changes in the course of work processes. The result is checked in the most appropriate way (for example, an exam).
2. Listening to the theory (72-100 hours) on issues arising in the organization or in the industry, discussing it. This may concern technologies, unsolved scientific and technical problems, economic and communication problems.
3. The development of long (from 100 hours) courses, expanding the scientific horizons of specialists. Familiarization with new technologies, new methods of managing and managing personnel, and effective scientific developments is underway.
4. Internships are usually offered as a complement to the above services. It consolidates the information received in practice, makes you feel the advantage of new methods, change your views on building corporate communications, and take on a higher position. Internships can be carried out both by Russian and foreign organizations, enterprises, educational and research institutions.

Is it possible to start living in a new way?

It happens that as a result of the reorganization of an enterprise, a certain circle of specialties becomes unclaimed. The administration may offer the employee a choice: to acquire a new profession or quit. Some institutions, enterprises, companies cease to function or reduce staff. All or part of the team remains without work. The employer is obliged to transfer funds to the employment office for retraining and employment of former staff. This can be taken as a chance to learn the best specialty.

Where is better to study

Retraining and advanced training of personnel can be done in different ways. The transfer of experience, introduction to the course of business at the workplace are used in the adaptation of young specialists and recently employed workers. For this purpose, briefings conducted by experienced workers are widely used. In many engineering divisions and production workshops, the tradition of securing a newcomer to an authoritative, highly skilled member of the team has not died.

The next step in expanding the skills of recruits is to teach related specialties. In addition to the fact that additional knowledge and skills (reinforced by repeated repetition of skills) provide functional interchangeability in the team in case of holidays, illness, days off and other situations, they contribute to the growth of cohesion and mutual understanding among colleagues, increase interest in work.

Despite all its advantages, on-the-job training does not allow the young staff to develop their own opinion on the progress of work processes, to have a fresh look at what is happening, as the knowledge transferred to him is limited by the existing information base and habits in the team. Therefore, a reasonable solution is the direction of active creative workers to expand their professional horizons beyond the boundaries of their native enterprise, for example, to centers for retraining and advanced training of personnel.

Ways to transfer knowledge

1. A lecture is a familiar and comprehensive tool for presenting theoretical material to a large number of students. Lecturers with a deep understanding of the subject matter, often with academic degrees, who are authors of inventions and developments on relevant topics, are engaged in training, retraining and advanced training of personnel. Modern equipment of institutions and society with computers, video players allows you to record classes on video and review them at home. But a major drawback of this method of presenting information has long been known - the lack of feedback from listeners. After all, it is virtually impossible to select a group with the same level of training and motivation, and some students do not keep up with the lecturer's thoughts.
2. Seminars that examine models of work situations help to better understand the material studied. Students are involved in the discussion of the situation, offer directions for solving the problem. Then, the finished result presented by the teacher is analyzed.
3. The most effective tool for practical consolidation of acquired knowledge are business games. They are a full-fledged equivalent of the working environment and pose real tasks for specialists. But they require an appropriate length of time to find the answer.
4. The employer can take part in the self-education of employees by subscribing to professional magazines for the team, buying the latest textbooks and training programs for them. Computer programs with a teacher increase the effectiveness of self-knowledge.

Professionalism

The quality of labor resources, which is manifested in the comparative effectiveness or productivity of their work, depends on qualifications. Qualification is the level of theoretical and practical readiness of an employee to perform specific tasks. Knowledge enables the specialist to understand the processes occurring in production or in another area of ​​human activity. Skills allow you to participate in these processes, use objects and means of labor with the greatest return. Experience leads to the emergence of productive ideas, to the planning and achievement of new goals.

Retraining and advanced training of personnel are tasks of national importance. Employment service units do this. Institutions of retraining and advanced training of personnel exist in all regions of Russia. They have developed programs for transmitting fundamental and applied knowledge to students, for practical training. Intersectoral institutions for advanced training and retraining of personnel are available in large cities. Examples are in the table below.

Raising the level of education of specialists have the right to engage in:

- academy of advanced training and retraining of personnel;

- sectoral, regional, intersectoral institutions for staff development;

- continuing education courses,

- employment service centers.

Who is preparing us for life?

The labor market dictates the dynamic development of labor resources: it requires constant changes in the content of labor duties, the rapid assimilation of new knowledge. It is logical to expect that this new information has already been assimilated by people who create educational programs for continuing education of adults. The specificity of educational services lies in the fact that its quality is difficult to evaluate. It can manifest itself over the years. It is indisputable only that the quality of education cannot but depend on teachers who provide training for professions. How do teachers of such responsible courses improve their professional level?

"Ideological mastermind"

On the Golovinsky highway, 8 in the city of Moscow is the building of the Academy for Continuing Education and Retraining of teaching staff. This is a government agency. It deals with:

• the creation of models of learning processes based on our own and other scientific research;

• testing these models in practice;

• the introduction of urgent inventions, innovative approaches in all sectors of human activity in the system of further education;

• formulation of teaching standards;

• development of a complete system for continuous professional development of educators;

• the creation of modernization methods for the existing training scheme;

• finding ways of interaction between national and foreign organizations involved in improving vocational education.

The Academy is a methodological center for regional, regional, republican institutes of retraining and advanced training of teaching staff. One of the main tasks of the Academy remains the formation of motivation for the growth of their students.

A little more positive

A specialist who has undergone retraining and (or) advanced training courses:

• feels more confident in the profession;

• feels grateful to the management for caring;

• increases self-esteem;

• receives an impetus for further self-education;

• receives hope for an improvement in financial standing.

conclusions

Structures that have taken responsibility for the quality of professional education and the systematic updating of its content exist. It should be noted once again that the level of retraining and advanced training of personnel depends on the price paid for training. It is not necessary to think that the secrets of Microsoft technologies and similar "production leaders" are cheaper than their products. Therefore, do not blame the poverty and failure of teachers and scientists. Unspoiled by millions of royalties, Russian scientists can and do something else. It is worth rejoicing at what is available and waiting for the government, concerned about the state of the beloved Motherland, to fulfill its intentions to bring the country to a higher level. Perhaps, to test the state of affairs, he should go through a leadership development program.