Wellhead reinforcement is a part that is used in oil production in order to bind the pipeline, as well as sealing this section. In other words, we can say that the presence of these devices is mandatory.
Device usage
Wellhead fittings are used not only for working with the oil pipeline. It can also be successfully used to conduct deep research, for example. Another option for its use is the adjustment of fluid withdrawal. All these examples clearly demonstrate that the use of wellhead valves is an integral part of oil production.
It is important to add that the choice of such devices is carried out according to special criteria, and they all differ in that the quality of their production is very high, as well as productivity. For example, the operating temperature range at which wellhead fittings are able to perform their functions perfectly is in the region from -60 to +40 degrees Celsius. In other words, they can be used in almost any climate.
Main parameters of the device
The main defining characteristic for the wellhead was size. The average length of such a device is about three meters. As for the width, it naturally varies depending on the model, but the approximate average is 715 millimeters. The last indicator in terms of dimensions is the height, which is on average 1.5 meters.
Another important indicator for this equipment is the passage of the shut-off device. The numerical indicator of this parameter can reach up to 50 millimeters. Together with wellhead fittings for the well, such equipment as tubing is also used. The pipe diameter of such devices can reach a figure of 75 mm. It is worth noting that the reinforcement of this type is not a specific device, but a set of several important components that perform such purposes as sealing the wellhead. In addition, the reinforcement will be responsible for the distribution of the flow of substances that will come from the well. You can also regulate such a volatile substance as gas, for example.
Equipment design
As for the design of this device, there are several main components. These include, for example, a pipe-type head, a column-type head and the head of the valve itself. The valve head is of the adjusting and locking type. As components, even such small devices as valves, gate valves and some other small details of this kind can be distinguished.
The main purpose of wellhead valves is to contain a strong pressure flow, as well as the ability to study this pressure inside the structure itself. In order to start valves of this type, a mechanical drive is usually used. However, it happens that the pressure is too high. In this case, it will be restrained either by means of pneumatic-type installations or by using a hydraulic system. It is also worth saying that there may be wellhead discharge fittings. In this case, it is able to perform the functions of forcing or bleeding gas flows.
Fixture Features
It is worth highlighting one very important advantage of this type of reinforcement. If any element fails during operation, it can be replaced without decommissioning the entire station. This is one of the most important criteria, since in this case it becomes possible to carry out repair work without violating the time interval of the station. This is one of the main requirements in the oil production environment. In addition, it helps to save a significant amount of material resources that would be lost while the station was idle for repair.
The construction itself is connected together using a variety of clamps and different flanges. It is also worth highlighting that if in the whole design a component deviates from the nominal data, then all other devices belonging to the locking type and all other mechanical elements will be disabled. The automatic system that any valve of this type is equipped with is responsible for this.
Fountain type fittings
To date, there is such a variety of fittings as wellhead fountain. She, in turn, is divided into several types. It can be a tee type or a cross. The choice depends on which fountain tree was chosen. It can also be either double-row or single-row. This is determined by the number of pump tubular products that will go down into the well. The equipment can be cranes or gate valves, that is, it differs in the type of locking device. The difference between this type of reinforcement is also that the passage opening can be from 50 to 150 mm. It is used at a pressure of 14 to 140 MPa.
Devices for injection wells
The main purpose of this type of reinforcement is to seal injection type wells. The peculiarity is that it is possible to carry out all the work during the injection of water into the well. Of the main parts of the equipment stands out the pipe head and Christmas tree. The first element is used to seal the annulus. It is also necessary to perform certain repairs, research, some technological operations. This element consists of components such as gate valves, a spider and several elements for quick connection.