What personal ending should be written for one or another part of the speech? This question often arises among schoolchildren, but only if the last syllable of a word is in an unstressed position. Indeed, it is in such situations that it is very difficult to hear the letter that should be written in the end. This is especially true for verbs.
General information
One or another personal ending of verbs depends entirely on which conjugation a given word refers to. Being able to correctly determine it, you will never again ask such a question.
Personal ending of verbs in stressed position
With stressed endings (personal) of verbs, everything is always clear. After all, a letter standing in this position is heard as distinctly as possible and is a test. Here are a few examples: follow, simmer, create, etc. As you can see, all the endings of these words are stressed, that is, they are written in exactly the same way as they are heard (pronounced).
Spelling of unstressed personal endings of verbs
In the event that the endings of the verbs are in an unstressed position, then determining the correct spelling of a particular letter becomes problematic. That is why you need to refer to the corresponding rule. It states that all verbs in the Russian language relate to either the first conjugation or the second.
First conjugation
All verbs in the form of the infinitive ending in -it, -at, -et, -yat, -tyat and -yut belong to the 1st conjugation: melt, dig, drench , etc. Personal ending of these words in an unstressed position has the letter "e".
We give an example: you melt, melt, dig, dig, dig, get wet, get wet, get wet, get wet, melt , etc. However, in the 3rd person there are many. verbs of the 1st conjugation have the following endings: –out or –yut. For example, they dig, get wet, melt , etc.
Second conjugation
All verbs in the infinitive and ending in -it should be attributed to the 2nd conjugation: to saw, be proud, pray , etc. Personal endings of these words in an unstressed position have the letter “and”.
Let us give an example: you are sawing, sawing, sawing, sawing, proud, proud, praying, praying, praying , etc. However, in 3 persons there are many. verbs of the 2nd conjugation have the following endings: –at or –yat. For example: sawing, proud, praying , etc.
Exceptions to the Rules
Now you know what vowels in the personal endings of verbs should be written if they stand in an unstressed position. To do this, you only need to determine the conjugation, putting this part of speech in an indefinite form. However, there are exceptions to this rule. Let's consider them in more detail:
- Shave, lay . Despite the fact that these words have a –it at the end, they should still be assigned to the 1st conjugation, since this is an exception. Accordingly, their personal endings will have the vowel letter “e” (-yut, -out). Let us give an example: stele, stele, stele , shave, shave, shave, shave, stele , etc.
- Tolerate, offend, see, depend, watch, twirl, hate, breathe, hear, drive, hold. Despite the fact that these words have –et and –at at the end, they still refer to the second conjugation, since this is an exception. Accordingly, their personal endings will have the vowel letter “and” (-yat, -at). Let us give an example: offend, see, addicted, watch, twirl, hate, breathe, drive, hold , etc.
Exception words should be memorized and remembered, since so many students make mistakes in them.
Controversial words
Knowing the spelling of unstressed personal endings of verbs, you can quickly and easily compose a competent text. However, it should be noted that the Russian language school curriculum pays special attention not only to conjugations and exclusion words, but also to those lexical units that are disjoint. These include the following: want, run . Why are they called that? The fact is that in different persons these words can have both the end of the first conjugation and the second:
- he runs, wants;
- you run, you want;
- I run, I want;
- they run, they want;
- you run, you want;
- we run, we want.
To summarize
To determine one or another spelling of the personal endings of verbs, it is recommended to follow the scheme described below:
- Determine in what position is the end of the verb (in shock or unstressed). If in shock, then it should not be checked. If in unstressed, it is necessary to continue the analysis.
- Put the verb in the infinitive (or the so-called indefinite form), and then check its ending. If the word ends in –it, then this is the second conjugation. Therefore, it is necessary to write the letter “and” at the end (in the 3rd person plural numbers –at or –yat). Otherwise, it is necessary to continue the discussion.
- It is required to check whether the given verb is included in the list of words-exceptions -at or -et. If he enters, then he also belongs to the second conjugation, that is, in the end you should write “and”. If not included, then this is the verb of the first conjugation. At the end it should be written “e” (in the 3 person plural, we write –yut or –yut).