The spelling of vowels in an unstressed position is governed by certain rules. For example, if the choice concerns the root, we either select a test word, or check the spelling dictionary.
But in a weak position there may be a vowel sound located in other morphemes: in suffixes, prefixes or endings. In this case, in order to determine the algorithm of actions, you should first determine the part of speech, since the rules for words with different morphological characteristics will differ.
The spelling of the
personal endings of the verbs depends on the peculiarities of the inflection of this part of speech. Russian verbs are conjugated, that is, they change inflection depending on the person and number. This does not concern only “words-actions” in a difficult future and past tense.
The endings of the verbs differ in the first and second conjugations. In unstressed inflections of 1st conjugation, the vowel E is written, and in the third person plural - UT (-YUT) , with the 2nd conjugation, you need to select And and -AT (-AT) in the same positions.
How to understand which conjugation a verb belongs to? To do this, find the indefinite form of the word. If the infinitive ends in - ITB (except for the words "shave" and "lay"), then the verb is conjugated by the second type. Exceptions that children learn in grade 5 also apply to it. All other verbs belong to the first conjugation.
In this case, do not forget that the infinitive of the verb must be of the same form as the personal form. The endings of verbs in pairs can be different. The word “execute” (2 conjugation) changes as follows: “we will fulfill”, “you will fulfill”, “they will fulfill”. The imperfective verb “fulfill” refers to 1 conjugation, therefore its paradigm is “we fulfill”, “you fulfill”, “they fulfill”. But at the same time, changing the look with the help of the prefix does not change the conjugation and does not affect the spelling of the endings of the verbs: sawing - sawing, feeling - feeling, drying - drying, etc.
The same can be said about recurrence (the presence of the suffix at the end of the word –s or –s): wash - wash, develop - develop, apologize - apologize.
But not all verbs conjugate equally. The words “want”, “run”, “eat” and “give” have a special form of inflection. The endings of the verbs from the first pair are mixed, as these words are mixed. They should be remembered: “run” conjugates in the singular in type 1, and in the plural in type 2 of conjugation. The word “want” has a more complex inflection paradigm. It is conjugated in the 1st and 2nd person singular and in the 3rd person plural of the 1st type. Accordingly, the remaining inflections from him from the second conjugation. The verbs "eat" and "give" (including with a prefix) generally have specific endings: "eat", "eat", "lady", "give", etc.
In addition to species differences, one must remember the inclination. Above, we considered only the indicative, in which the endings of verbs are determined by the type of inflection. Otherwise, things are with words in the imperative mood, denoting the action is not real, but desired: learn, write, shout and so on. In such verbs in the 2nd person plural ending contains a vowel AND , regardless of conjugation.
So, in order to avoid spelling mistakes in writing unstressed inflections of the verb, you should not only learn the rule, but also know the exceptions to it.