Small boats are watercraft that are equipped with engines of less than 75 horsepower. This category includes sailing and non-self-propelled units, the power indicator of which is regulated by register units. They should be no more than 80 tons with a gross tonnage of less than 10 registers (in tons). In addition, kayaks, rowing boats and inflatable vessels with a carrying capacity of 100-225 kilograms are included in this area.
general information
Small vessels are engineering structures focused on the transportation of a certain number of passengers or cargo. The options under consideration are intended for hiking, fishing and sporting events. Often such boats are used in the areas of the national economy, especially in the regions of Siberia and the Volga region.
On vehicles, onboard, mounted or stationary power units are used. On sailing yachts , a motor can also be operated if towing is necessary in difficult climatic conditions. The basic rules apply to all watercraft classified as devices with mechanical power plants.
Features
Small vessels can be divided into the following categories:
- Displacement options. They are kept afloat thanks to the Archimedean law, which is based on maintaining due to the mass of water equal to the volume displaced by the swimming means. The speed of such instances is lower than analogues, despite a decent indicator of seaworthiness.
- Gliders. These small vessels in a stationary state are kept afloat due to the supporting force and displacement. With increasing speed, gliding models perform maneuvers due to the dynamic lifting force that forms in the flat compartments of the bottom. Gliding begins at the moment the bottom is located at an angle of attack of about 3-6 degrees. This indicator is also influenced by the load of the boat and the equipment available.
Management of small vessels of a different type
The class under consideration includes all categories of motor boats, pleasure boats, improvised items with low-powered outboard or stationary engines, planing in a displacement mode of movement.
Boats are small boats equipped with a stationary power unit. Swimming equipment is used for walking, as well as special machines. Models with increased seaworthiness are equipped with a deck, cockpit and superstructure. These structures have a length of not more than 8 meters, are operated mainly in open reservoirs and estuaries of large rivers, and are equipped with boat contours. Similar mechanisms are also called bots. In addition to a stationary motor, they can have sailing equipment. Aircraft of this type are divided into fishing, rescue and pilot categories.
Boats and Yachts
Consider a few more types of small vessels, whose boatmasters control them using motors or sails:
- Dinghies This category includes the type of rowing boats with the possibility of using outboard motors. They serve to save people, perform transportation tasks and special missions. Depending on the destination, the boats are classified as a rescue, working, transport, leisure class.
- Yachts are mainly sailing or motor-sailing vessels, which have different displacement and are intended for recreation, tourism or sports.
- Gliders - motor boats equipped with transverse redans in the form of ledges on the bottom. Single models of this category are also called scooters. A motor boat with wings is often referred to as a hydrofoil boat.
Small Ship Management Rights
The operation of the considered category of floating means is allowed after their registration in the ship's book with the application of registration marks and technical inspection. Survey allows you to determine the maximum power of the boat, its displacement, draft, load capacity and profile purpose. The aircraft must be equipped with all necessary safety equipment, including fire fighting equipment, signal lights and navigation equipment.
State registration is carried out by the relevant control authorities. Small vessels can be controlled by persons who have passed exams for the right to drive this category of transport. Water bodies without navigational conditions are used in the transport direction, taking into account right-hand traffic (left sides).
The nominal speed of movement within the settlements, as well as the parking lot of vessels, is regulated by the inspection for small vessels, in accordance with regulatory enactments and applicable law.
Security
The rights to operate small vessels allow the unit to be operated for its intended purpose. In any case, the following is prohibited during the operation and maintenance of such tools:
- Use a vessel that has not passed state registration.
- Convert vehicles without special permission.
- Drive a boat or boat while intoxicated or intoxicated.
- Transfer control to a person who does not have the right to drive small craft.
- Exceed rated speed.
- Damage to other sides or identification marks.
- Go into areas closed to swimming without permission.
- Maneuver in the waters of beaches and crowds.
Malfunctions prohibiting the operation of "small measures"
Operation and navigation of small vessels is prohibited in the presence of the following malfunctions:
- The appearance of through holes in the housing.
- Depressurization of air boxes or airtight compartments.
- Lack of steering column mounts or damage affecting the reliability of this unit.
- Observation of fuel leaks, excessive vibration, malfunction of the muffler or reverse gear.
- Non-compliance with the configuration and equipment standards indicated on the ship ticket.
- Malfunction or absence of signal lights and rescue equipment.
Skipper Responsibilities
This list includes several key points, namely:
- Fulfillment of the requirements of state standards.
- Checking the vessel before each embarkation.
- Conducting briefing for passengers on the behavior of the vehicle, as well as ensuring their safety.
- The presence of documentary evidence of the right to small vessels and their management.
- Compliance with the requirements of inspection bodies and authorized persons.