International languages are a means of communication for a large group of people living on the planet. In this case, we can talk about the global significance of this means of communication. Interethnic methods of transmitting information and languages of international communication (their number ranges from seven to ten) have very blurred borders. In the XVII-XVIII century, an attempt was made to create an artificial universal letter - pasigraphy. Nowadays, an analogue of the international language is an artificially created method of communication - Esperanto.
History
In Antiquity, the ancient Greek language was common to all peoples. More than a thousand years have passed, and in some regions and parts of the world (Mediterranean, Catholic Europe) the means of communication between people has changed. Latin has become an essential way to transmit information in various fields of human communication. With the help of it, negotiations were held, memoirs were written, trade transactions were concluded. For several centuries, Central and West Asia communicated in the Turkic language, which subsequently replaced Arabic. With the help of the latter, important issues were resolved in the Muslim world.
In East Asia, its medium of communication, Wenyan, has long been widespread. In the XVI-XVII century, the international language in Europe is Spanish, in the beginning of the XVIII - French. In the XIX century, Germany was not the last place, distinguished by the high achievements of its scientists of that period. As a result, German is becoming international. At the same time, the colonies of England and Spain occupy half the world. The vocabulary of these countries is becoming common for many peoples. By the end of the twentieth century, English was widely used. Thus, the international language as a way of communication began to include vocabulary of several countries.
Changes
It’s hard to say which language is international today. The inconsistency of the status of this method of communication between representatives of different countries lies in the acquisition and loss of combinations of geographical, demographic, cultural and economic indicators. Some states bordering each other interact quite closely. For example, along with Chinese and German, Russian is an international language. Some small states located on different continents were included in their time in the processes of colonization.
In those periods, the means of communication was Spanish, Portuguese and English. States ceased to interact with each other, lost colonies. Accordingly, the need for communication between different peoples disappeared. Latin and Greek languages ceased to be an international means of communication, and the Dutch, Italian, Swedish, Polish, Turkish became such for a short time. In the early twentieth century, the influence of Germany, popular at the time, was extended even to Poland, Slovakia, and Galicia. But later, the German language ceased to fulfill the role of international.
It should be said that, for example, Spanish vocabulary shows stability in this regard. Since the beginning of the XXI century, it has been strengthening its position. Thus, Spanish has been considered international for more than five centuries. Over time, China strengthens its foreign policy position. As a result, the vocabulary of this country becomes the largest in the number of carriers in the world.
Signs
There are some indicators that characterize international languages:
1. A large group of people can consider them relatives.
2. A significant part of the population for which they are not relatives owns them as foreign.
3. Various organizations use international languages as official languages at conferences and seminars.
4. With their help, people from different countries, continents, various cultural circles communicate.
Russian language
Considered state and official, it is widely distributed outside the Russian Federation. Being the most popular and one of the richest, Russian rightfully occupies a leading position among world languages. If we talk about the application in the foreign policy sphere, then it is very diverse. Russian, being the language of science, is considered the best means of communication among scientists from different countries. Most of the world's information needed by humanity is published using Russian vocabulary. The Russian language is widely used in world communication media (radio broadcasts, air and space communications).
Value
Domestic vocabulary promotes the transfer of knowledge and acts as an intermediary in communication between representatives of different countries. Like other international languages, it makes a great contribution to the implementation of public functions. Russian vocabulary plays an important role in enlightenment. With the help of it, training is being conducted not only in Russia, but also in other developed countries. Schools and universities of different countries choose the Russian language for study. From a legal point of view, it is recognized as working vocabulary.
Conclusion
Students of 1700 universities in ninety countries, as well as students of different schools, study Russian. About half a billion people own it to varying degrees. Russian is in fifth place in terms of prevalence (in the number of those who use it in speech). People of many social strata living in different parts of our planet are familiar with it and are its carriers. In Russian, literary and musical works of world significance have been created.