Fashionable women of the mid-twentieth century finally got the opportunity to get curls, even if by nature their hair was straight. "Chic!" - as Ellochka the ogre would say. Women have always dreamed of changing their appearance. Curls add volume to hair, create a feminine and cute look. From the time of the ancient Greeks to the twentieth century, women made sacrifices for the sake of fluffy curls. They slept on hard metal or wooden sticks (they were called curlers), knitted from the strands of flagella-papillotki. And finally, the household chemical industry pleased the beauties with a breakthrough in hair care. The procedure for magically transforming straight curls into curly permanents was called. While the hair did not grow back, they retained this property without additional styling with forceps. This permanent state of hair has become synonymous with perm. And in what other cases can this combination of words be used? What are its synonyms and antonyms?
Etymology of the term
Like many other words from the field of science, the term "permanent state" came to us from the Latin language, overgrown with Russian suffixes and endings. Many scholars are even inclined to believe that the root of the term is of ancient Aryan origin - men in the pre-Indo-European dialect mean “stay”. And the Latin verb permanere was formed from the merger of two words: “per” (for, through) and “manēre” (last). Thus, it is not difficult to guess what “permanent” means. Such an epithet is endowed with something that lasts quite a long time, a significant period, almost eternity. But still there is a nuance. For a long time does not mean forever, and this is the difference between the Latin words "permanent" and "aeterno", "perpetuum". The last two terms define something truly enduring: in a scholasticism, for example, of God.
Use cases in the beauty industry
Regarding what is the custom to use this term? We already mentioned the perm. Hair remains curly until it regrowth. Permanent and temporary tattooing are also distinguished. The first lasts for at least several years, because dye is injected under the skin. A temporary tattoo is just a henna drawing that is washed off after two weeks. In this vein, it becomes clear what “permanent makeup” means. As in a tattoo, a dye (a highly dispersed pigment) is injected into the upper layer of the epidermis. But this does not create a picture, but an imitation of ordinary makeup. With him you can at least in the sauna, at least in the bath. Cry in three eyes - makeup will not float. However, such a dye burns out in the sun, therefore, and it is not eternal. However, chemists are now working on a pigment that is resistant to the influence of the external environment, is not torn away and does not absorb in the body.
The revolution has a beginning ...
The term "permanent state" is used not only in chemistry or cosmetology. It was taken into service by such a serious science as political science. Even the classics of Marxism advanced the theory of a constant, permanent revolution. Once started in one of the underdeveloped peripheral countries of the world, it will not abate until all the proletarians on the globe overthrow the exploiting classes. The theory was supported by Vladimir Lenin. He supplemented it with the thesis that in Russia this bourgeois-democratic revolution would develop into a socialist revolution. A bright supporter of this theory of the victorious procession of the ghost of communism on the planet was Leon Trotsky. It was shared not only by the theorists of Marxism (Ernest Mandel, Livio Maytan, Joseph Hansen and Michael Levy), but also by the Western Social Democrats.
The term in economics, psychology, agriculture
A permanent state occurs not only among the revolutionary-minded masses, but also among a single individual. Constant nervous tension, an overabundance of information, inadequate sleep puts a person in a state of stress. Sometimes this mood is so long that psychologists call it permanent. And if a single release of adrenaline into the blood is even favorable for the body, then life in constant stress leads to depression and nervous diseases. In the field of economics, the term is used in the concept of "permanent costs". These are finances that go to workers' salaries, taxes, rent of space, depreciation of equipment. That is, these are the costs that occur regularly. Permanent agriculture is a relatively new type of farming. It consists in planning the developed lands in such a way as not to deplete the ecosystem, but to maintain equilibrium in it, that is, to use nature for a long time.
Synonyms and Antonyms
Well, in colloquial speech, what is a "permanent state"? It is something incessant, unceasing, constant, ongoing. We can say that in the years of the Soviet Union there was a permanent deficit. The same epithet can be given to a constant lack of money. Or an alcoholic who is permanently drunk. But you can’t say the same about a chronic disease - long periods of remission exclude permanence. The words “methodical”, “uninterrupted”, “continuous”, “endless”, “persistent” and “constant” also serve as synonyms for this term. Whereas the antonyms of “permanence” are “occasionally”, “sometimes”, “at times”, “from case to case”.