In the mechanisms that are used in everyday life by man, you can often find such a part as a bearing. They are in the systems of both household appliances and industrial. The bearing housing is part of the part assembly. It comes in many shapes, varieties and sizes. To better understand its structure, it is necessary to study the bearing housing. Self-repair of many types of equipment will become clearer and more efficient. If desired, the bearing housing can be created with your own hands.
general characteristics
The bearing housing is a special part. It is usually made of cast iron or other alloys. A bearing housing is used to fit the main shaft to the main platform. It tightly fixes the part.
The housing and the actual bearing - rolling, sliding and other varieties - together create a node. It is easy to find in equipment and machinery of enterprises of all industrial sectors.
Since there are a lot of types of the presented part developed, there are even more cases for them. Moreover, manufacturers are ready to produce both standard configuration products and housings for bearings of a special shape. In the latter case, an individual drawing is created, on the basis of which the master makes the required part. This allows you to ensure compliance of the site with existing production conditions.
Modern bearing housings
Today, the manufacturing process allows the manufacture of a mechanism with some additional part or as a separate product. Housings differ and the bearing mounting system inside the housing, for example, it can be fixed to the paws. It depends on the type of part.
Housings of bearings, bearings and other types are made of high quality materials. It can be cast iron, pressed or stamped steel, synthetic rubber.
In the modern market of bearing assemblies, elements of the mechanism of import production prevail. Their popularity is due to an increasing number of various foreign equipment. It requires the operation of bearings of nodes of a certain type, which our production does not produce.
Housing Types
There is a certain classification of bearing housings. Each type differs in its purpose, method of attachment, configuration and size. The following varieties are standard today:
- stationary one-piece;
- stationary detachable;
- flanged.
The one-piece stationary type of housing is made of pure nickel, which makes it more rigid and simple. The axial seating of bearings in the housing has a complex axial mounting type. Therefore, this variety is used in slow-moving mechanisms, which have a small shaft diameter.
The detachable stationary case is made of gray cast iron. It consists of a cover and a base. These housing elements are bolted together. This design allows you to easily change the bearing when it is worn, make a secondary bore of the liner, and also adjust the clearance. This is a frequent type of enclosure in mechanical engineering.
The flange housing is similar to the previous type. It consists of a base and a cover, bolted together. It is used for very demanding parts. It serves as a support for both the end shaft and the through shaft.
Operational Features
The bearing housing must provide the entire assembly with the required operating parameters. It operates under heavy loads and should not at the same time create an increased noise level. Extreme operating conditions of the unit should not reduce the durability of the housing and the entire mechanism.
Depending on the purpose, a large number of types of structures are distinguished. Each manufacturer labels them in their own way. You can highlight the most popular manufacturing companies.
The housing has a spherical shape for mounting the bearing itself. This allows the elements of the mechanism to be installed independently. Between the bearing and the housing, oil-repellent seals made of rubber in the form of rings are installed.
Features of mounting to the case
There are several varieties of bearing mounting on a shaft in the assembly housing. The most common today are the technologies described below.
One of the most common is the bearing in the housing on the legs. It has the ability to lubricate and is involved in the creation of high-speed mechanisms. It can be fans, emergency energy saving systems, flywheels. Their distinctive feature is the ability to work at elevated temperatures.
The inner ring can also be secured to the shaft with locking screws. There are cases, the inner ring of which has a conical hole. The part is mounted in it using an adapter sleeve.
There are also cases in which the installed product is fixed with a special eccentric ring.
Advantages of non-lubricated and lubricated casings
Today, manufacturers produce both lubricated and non-lubricated bearing housings. The bearing housing, the drawing of which is designed for standard relubricated assemblies, has a grease fitting.
The advantages of housings that are not replenished with additional grease include savings on maintenance and a compact design. There is no chance of oil leakage in such parts. This leads to increased purity of the part.
Relubricated housings are operated at high temperatures and in high dust environments. If it is not possible to use a part with a cover, such a unit is used in conditions of splashing water or other liquids onto it.
If the use of such a housing is not regular, the bearing will work properly. Such parts are used for accelerated operation of the unit, at increased loads and the need to reduce noise during operation.
Manufacturers and labeling
Depending on the type of manufacturer, there is a specific marking of the parts. If this is not a self-made bearing housing, it will necessarily have the designation of the corresponding company that created it.
There are many brands, but today the following manufacturers are considered popular:
- China and Singapore produce parts marked FBJ.
- The Italian elements of the mechanism for bearings can be marked as KDF or TSC.
- Japan marks its enclosures as ASAHI or NSK.
- SKF products are so expensive that they can hardly be found in the equipment of our country.
The price of such products depends on the manufacturer and, as a rule, the higher, the better the part itself. Polish and Russian cases are considered to be the cheapest, but short-lived; Japanese quality parts are made of higher quality. Further, the nodes of Italian manufacture have reliability and cost, followed by Serbian mechanisms. The most reliable, but very expensive are considered German and Swedish, as well as some Japanese (NTN, KOYO) bearing housings.
Case marking according to design
The bearing housing can be marked with different markings depending on the type of assembly. Manufactured for radial parts that are mounted in flanged assemblies, the mechanism is secured with set screws. The bearing in them is designated UC, and the housing for them is F, P, T, FL, FC. If this node is connected together, the part will look like, for example, UCP, UCT, UCFL.
For supporting structures, the housing is designated as SD, and the bearing itself is designated SN.
It is better to purchase such products from a direct representative of a manufacturer. This guarantees the quality of the parts purchased.
Homemade Bearing Housing
Making a bearing housing with your own hands is not so difficult.
The only thing, it will differ for obvious reasons from the factory model. Therefore, if the great strength and accuracy of the part does not matter, this is a doable task.
A good material for making the case is graphitized caprolon. It is characterized by increased wear resistance, strength and slip. You need to cut a hole by holding the material in a vise. A drill, a knife and a file should be made in the caprolon an even hole.
Insert the sliding gasket inside. It is better to make the case split and clamp it with the screw on the shaft. The smoother the hole, the better the part will work.
It happens that the case is even made of wood. The ring is made of sectors, which are then pulled together. This automatically compensates for the bearing play.
Having considered the varieties and arrangement of such a detail as the bearing housing, you can understand the principle of its operation and carry out independent repairs of a fairly large number of equipment at home.