What is a hat? As a rule, the interpretation of this word in general terms is clear to everyone. It is usually associated with the road, which, in principle, is true. But here is how not everyone knows the way from the road and whether it differs at all. Information about what is nobility will be presented in the article.
Dictionary word
It seems that clarification of the meaning of the word "nobility" will not do without referring to the dictionary. There we find a definition that boils down to the following.
Shlyakh is an obsolete word that was used in Ukraine and also in the south of Russia in the 16-17th centuries. So called the steppe roads that ran near the southern borders. And also big well-worn roads.
Examples of the use of the word can be found in the legend of the Russian hero Ilya Muromets, which refers to the pathways, which are so long that there is no end to it. And also it is heard in the Russian folk song, telling about the road-way huts walking over the forest, completely drenched in tears.
Slimes in Russia
Studying the question of what shlyah, it should be noted that in ancient Russia they played a great historical role - both in trade, and in military, and in political aspects. In the old days, the steppe nomads, precisely on the steppe roads, called grooms, carried out attacks on the settlements of the Slavs. These were the Pechenegs, Khazars, Polovtsians.
The oldest is Konchakov shlyah, in Tatar - “Sakma”. As early as the 19th century, it passed through the Kursk and Kharkov provinces, or rather, through its western districts, ran to Putivl from the Dnieper steppes. It retained its name from the 12th century. Then, following Igor, the Seversky prince, with his horde along it, the Polovtsian khan Konchak invaded Poseme.
The family is the historical region located in the Seim river basin. This is part of the area where the tribes that were part of the East Slavic Union of the Northerners were settled. From the end of the 9th to the end of the 14th century, it was part of the Novgorod-Seversky and Chernihiv principalities.
Main hats
Continuing to consider the question of what hat is, it should be said about the most significant of them. After the raids of the Tatars, especially the Crimean ones, more and more information is revealed about the main nobles. The latter made their way to Muscovy mainly bypassing the Voronezh and Kursk provinces, through the area between the Don and the Dnieper. There ran a number of major grooms.
- Kalmius Sakma is the easternmost road that went from the coast of the Sea of Azov, the Kalka River, and reached cities such as Oskol and Liven.
- The raisins went to the west of the previous and Muravsky grooms and were the most western. Secondary slaves diverged from the secondary ones, the name of which was sometimes derived from the main and large, for example, Muravka.
- Bokaev hats, according to which the Belgorod, or Ackerman, Tatars came to the Oryol, Rylsky, Bolkhov places. One of their leaders was Bokay Murza, by whose name the nobleman was named.
Other important hats were such as:
- Ambassadorial noble;
- Azov;
- Sahaidachny;
- Romodanovsky;
- Pakhnutskaya Sakma;
- Savinskaya Sakma;
- Murom;
- Pork road.
Arrangement of whores
There is evidence that, starting from the first years of the 17th century, "inspection by the tsarist envoys" of the main grooms, their strengthening, the construction of prison houses along them was practiced.
On these roads, embassies from both sides traveled from Moscow to the Crimea and in the opposite direction. And also people from the outskirts who were engaged in trade traveled along them, including Chumaks.
These were the merchants, wine merchants, carriages. They lived in the south of Russia and the territory of today's Ukraine in the 16-19 centuries. On the oxen, they went to the Azov and Black Seas, bought fish and salt there, and then drove them to fairs. In addition, they also delivered other goods.
And the ancient trade routes, which took place in areas belonging to the Don Army, were also called hats. These include, for example, such hats as:
- Derbent-Alansky;
- Hetman;
- Derbent-Sarmatian.