Giving the task to parse the word by composition, many teachers are faced with the fact that not all children cope with it correctly and quickly. In fact, the algorithm of this procedure is quite simple. It is important to form this skill in schoolchildren initially so that later on they have no problems.
To analyze a word by its composition means to highlight significant parts in it. The ability to perform this action is useful when mastering many spelling rules. The main techniques are the selection of forms, as well as finding one-structured and cognate words. It is recommended, highlighting a particular morpheme, to determine its grammatical meaning.
Before you parse a word by composition, you need to determine which part of speech it refers to. It is necessary to do this in order to understand whether it is mutable or not (in the latter case it will have no ending). Next, the basis of the word is highlighted . In such parts of speech as interjection, an adverb or an excuse, there is no end, and it is not noted at all. If it can presumably be, but it is not in the word (for example, a bridge), then it is designated as “zero”. The remainder is called “base”. To highlight the ending, the word is changed (nouns - by cases, adjectives - by gender, etc.).
The word is based on its lexical meaning. From it, in turn, the remaining parts stand out. The main lexical load is at the root. This is the immutable part, considered the main one. Groups of words with the same root are called "root". For example: plant, plant, sub-plant, etc.
If we examine the composition of the word "preparation", then we can see that the ending here is the morpheme -a, the root is-ready-. Next, you need to pay attention to the suffix and prefix. It is worth noting that they differ mainly depending on the part of speech. In order to identify them, it is necessary to select a group of one-structure words.
So, for our noun, we can take such examples as “stand”, “hint”, etc.
The prefix is considered a significant part. It is used to form words that have a different meaning.
Suffixes are after the root. In the noun, "preparation" is -to-. This part serves to form a new word or its form.
It should be noted that in some cases there may be several roots, for example, steam-o-move, vert-o-years, etc.
In other situations, a word can be formed using several prefixes or suffixes.
They must be allocated all. If it is difficult to parse a word by its composition, one should once again turn to what part of speech it is.
Indeed, most groups have their own morphemes. It is worth mentioning the postfix, the part of the word that appears at the end of the verbs (-sya, -ka, -te) and some pronouns (either, something).
It does not belong to inflections (ending). In school textbooks, the postfix is called the suffix and is denoted by the same sign. For example, in the word "laughed" there will be an ending -a- ("laughed", "laughed").
Postfix in this case. When parsing this word, you must remember to include it in the base.