Russia is a country of sport. For a short period of time, Russians have mastered a huge number of sports. And among the world community, Russians are associated with victory and world fame. But, unfortunately, the inhabitants of modern Russia began to forget the primordial games and sports that our ancestors used to play for many centuries. In this article you will learn about national sports in Russia, their features and significance.
Historical reference
Originally decided to call Russian sports lapta, sambo and towns. All these games were formed in Russia. Therefore, in the future they actively developed. They are considered to be national. For many, many centuries, these games have accompanied the everyday life of a Russian person, developed his special character and mentality, as well as important personality traits that reflect the social structure of the people and their views on the world around them.
It is worth noting that sports games draw their origins from folk games that have been cultivated in various states throughout their history. National sports in Russia appeared due to Slavic folk games. They represent a conscious activity, which is aimed at achieving certain goals established by the rules of the game. National fun has developed on the basis of the traditions of the Slavs. They take into account not only cultural and moral, but also social, as well as spiritual ideas and values of the Slavic ethnic group. And the lexical unit “fun” itself did not have entertaining significance. The word expressed mass events, which will be discussed below.
What the Slavic games are made of
It is noteworthy that in our original Russian games, both entertainment and training were combined immediately. Russian amusements have unique and very valuable properties. Our culture not only revealed, but also encouraged those who are strong in spirit and body. It was she who brought up in ancient Rusich the ability to take on the challenge, stand up for the offended or weak, and also be able to overcome the feeling of anxiety and weakness in herself. After hard working days, the Russian people took part in children's games with pleasure. Adults taught kids fun and relaxation.
Yes, the ancient period was not rich in entertainment. However, these events were widespread. Everyone participated in them - from the youngest to the most powerful and experienced. People rested not only participating in games, but also watched what was happening as spectators. Now consider the sports that interest us.
List of national sports of Russia
Below is a list of sports in the Russian Federation:
- sambo;
- fist fight;
- buza;
- weight-lifting;
- Hockey with a ball.
But do not confuse national sports with national games! You will read their listing below:
- towns;
- bast;
- siskin;
- clubbing;
- baker;
- grooms;
- bouncers.
Consider in detail each sport, as well as a little talk about the most popular games.
Sambo
Sambo was identified as a national sport in Russia. It began to develop especially actively when Vladimir Putin became president. The name of this sport is an abbreviation, which was formed from a combination of the words "self-defense without weapons." It was developed back in the USSR. It is based on the synthesis of a huge number of national martial arts, including judo.
On November 16, 1938, an order was issued to develop the freestyle wrestling. Sambo was divided into two types:
The latter type was created in the thirties of the twentieth century in order to train employees of law enforcement agencies. At that time it was not considered a sports discipline, it was banned for training civilians. This sport was declassified only in 1991. Then it became a separate sport. Three years later, namely in 1994, the first combat sambo championship was held in Moscow. The Russian National and Non-Olympic Sports Committee has applied to the International Olympic Committee. Then the latter recognized the fight as an Olympic sport. However, the struggle is still not included in the program.
Fist fight
This harsh fun is a fist fight. It appeared in Russia in ancient times. Sport was originally also educational in nature for protection. In ancient Russia, fisticuffs used to be called "fists", "brisk", "battle". Boys from a very early age played in the "king of the hill", "a bunch of small." The mentality of the people gradually taught the boys how to skillfully stand up for their homeland, relatives and themselves. As the children grow up, the games grew into real fights called "fist fights."
Buza
The Union of National and Non-Olympic Sports of Russia replenishes its list with another martial art, which appeared in Tver - this is a buza. It is recreated by G.N. Bazlov in the 1990s. It is based on the so-called dance of hand-to-hand combat, as well as the battle with weapons. This type of struggle has become widespread not only in the Tver, but also in the Pskov, Novgorod and Vologda regions. This type of struggle has many names, but the most popular is the buza. It combines fighting dance, which also denotes the technique of battle. The basic rule that underlies buza is agreement. The fighters agree on how the fight will be held. As a rule, persuasions take place before each battle, are sacredly observed. Those who violated the agreement were punished by fighters from two sides.
Kettlebell lifting
Another sport that relates to weightlifting, appeared in Russia only at the end of the XIX century. The Union of National and Non-Olympic Sports of Russia has ensured that since 2009 this sport has been included in the official competition program of TAFISA.
At competitions, the athlete has the right to participate in three weight categories of shells:
There are several techniques that an athlete can apply by lifting a projectile.
In 1992, the International Federation of Kettlebell lifting was opened. The first European Championship took place in the same year. The next year, namely in 1993, there was a World Cup. And the very next year, the First World Cup was played.
The development of national sports in Russia depends on the social policy of the state, which in recent years has been taking more and more measures to improve the state’s population. In various cities, youth departments together with the departments of physical education promote national competitions, including kettlebell lifting.
Hockey with a ball
National sports in Russia also include ball hockey. Many people know that this game is a team competition that is held on an ice field. Each team has 11 players, 10 of them move around the field and one athlete stands on the goal defense. In their hands are the clubs with which they strive to score the ball against the opponents ’goal, preventing the opponents from taking such actions. It is noteworthy that goalkeepers do not have clubs.
The game is limited to two halves of 45 minutes. The judge has the right to conduct the game in cold weather in three halves for half an hour. The winners are the team that during the game was able to throw the ball to opponents more times.
As for the origin of the game, it originated in Russia, and then spread throughout Scandinavia, Europe, Asia and even North America. Therefore, to the question: “What national sport in Russia do you know?”, You can confidently answer that it is ball hockey.
We told you about national Russian sports. Now we offer you to consider some of the most popular national games in our country.
Small towns
This game is considered a domestic version of golf. If Russian people were more serious and jealous of their cultural heritage and past, then, most likely, domestic businessmen would discuss their financial and commercial matters not on a green field with a golf club, but over this old game. The idea is to make a wooden bat throw into a target, which is composed of wooden posts outside the field, that is, the town.
Alexei Tolstoy wrote in a historical novel that during the reign of Ivan the Terrible, Russian boyars with great pleasure played in the towns. Unfortunately, today it is impossible to reliably determine the exact date of the appearance of the game. There are only a few mentions in ancient legends and annals of the period of Ancient Russia.
The masters of playing towns in the history of our state were Peter the Great, commander Alexander Suvorov, revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, and also Joseph Stalin. It is noteworthy that in the era of the Soviet Union, towns were of a cult nature. Each stadium, as well as enterprises had their own sites for this game. Unfortunately, national sports in Russia, their current state are of concern. After all, this direction is considered the lot of enthusiasts.
Lapta
This entertainment is known to almost everyone. Many people think that bast shoes are a domestic version of baseball or English cricket. But domestic historians claim that it is the bast boat that is the forefather of these overseas games. Lapta is so ancient that the Slavs played it even before the adoption of Christianity. Even the Vikings, who often visited Russia, adopted it, and then tried to assimilate in Norway.
Stocks for bast shoes are so simple that they can be found in almost every home. These are wooden bats with felt balls. Bast shoes were played by two teams from five to twelve people on a large flat platform. During excavations near Veliky Novgorod, these tools were found. Archaeologists dated them to the 14th century.
Not a single Russian holiday could do without bast shoes. An ardent fan of this fun was Peter I. He also taught the soldiers of the Semenovsky and Preobrazhensky regiments to it.
The prose writer Alexander Kuprin was also a fan of bast shoes. He considered her the most interesting and useful game. The writer emphasized that for the bast shoes you need attentiveness, deep breathing, a clear and fast run, resourcefulness, vigilance, a firm hand and the iron confidence that you can not be defeated. He said that in this game there is no place for cowards and lazy people.
Finally
Now you know what sports are national for Russia. It is worth noting that they all began to take shape in ancient times. Over time, they improved and improved with the economic activities of the Slavs. National sport, as well as its traditions, depends on the landscape, nature, climate, culture, worldview and so on. National sports in Russia are aimed at ensuring that the young generation develops not only physical, but also spiritual qualities, as well as endurance, accuracy, dexterity and the ability to analyze. Many types of national sports form the will of young people to achieve the goal, but if this is done alone with nature, then sport and physical activity will acquire the features of a healthy and proper rest, which our country wants to instill in us.
In the history of the development of mankind there are states that can serve as an example. Ancient Greece or modern China, which broke into the list of leaders of the modern economy. All this is certainly connected with the health of the people. After all, it is it that primarily affects the economic orientation of the country. Remember that physically active and healthy people have a large and high working capacity, as well as a huge number of opportunities for self-realization.