Some are interested in the question of how to write “because”: through a hyphen or not, together or separately, whether a comma is needed in this construction.
To what part of speech does the combination “because” belong?
With a hyphen or not to write this or that construction, it is possible to solve only when it is clear what part of speech it is. In this case, it is a complex union. With its help, the subordinate part joins the main in a complex sentence. Here is an example with a circuit:
From the main part in the given example to the subordinate, the question “ why? ” Should be asked . ". The answer to it will be the second subordinate circumstantial proposal, which includes a complex union “ because ”. To write the indicated union through a hyphen or not - we will deal with this issue a bit later.
Lexical synonyms
This union itself is common. It can be found in high lyrics, and in the conversations of the townsfolk, and in scientific works. But if necessary, for example, so as not to repeat too often, it is replaced by synonyms. And sometimes, while writing an essay, the author has doubts: to write "because" through a hyphen or not? So then synonyms are used:
- n since;
- for;
- thanks to;
- due to the fact that;
- because of;
- because;
- after all;
- due to the fact that;
- then.
The use of synonyms of the union in the literary text
They say that you can’t cut down what is written with an ax. And so it is. Therefore, synonyms should be used, paying attention to their stylistic coloring, relevance in the context.
Consider the options for synonymous substitutions in the colloquial style sentence presented in the diagram below.
It is clear that the outdated book “for”, the grandiloquent “due to the fact that” or the strictly business-like “due to the fact that” in this context will look ridiculous. But to make a replacement for the vernacular “after all” or the common “since” is quite appropriate.
Use of synonyms of the union in a scientific or business text
Each speech style dictates its own rules. For example, in a scientific or business text, you should be more careful with colloquial colloquial vocabulary :
Office workers are required to appear at the workplace at a strictly set time, because even a minute loss will affect the salary!
Everyone feels how inappropriate the word “after all” is here . The order style of the announcement requires either official clericalism “by virtue of what”, “since”, or commonly used “ because” and “ because ”. And then not very confident in spelling can begin to torment doubt. And really, do you need to write “because” with a hyphen or not?
It’s easier, of course, to insert a one-word alliance. For example, adding archaism “for” will add some humor to this announcement. Although it is quite difficult to make a mistake in a three-letter word, not everyone will like such a bit of ironic treatment. Especially in the part where it comes to salary.
Why do you want to put a hyphen in dictionary structures where there is a “what”?
Most likely, the pronoun “something” is confusing for many. Visually remembering his spelling, not understanding the nuances of spelling, the amateur concludes: “what” must be written with a hyphen! But in fact, the particle “something” plays the main role here . It is she who forces the pronoun to be hyphenated. Compare: “to some”, “somehow”, “here and there . ”
And in the design we are analyzing, “some” is missing. So, you should not doubt how to spell “because ”: through a hyphen or not. The answer is clear: we write a union as two separate words!
When "because" is written together?
A provocative question that teachers sometimes ask, trying to confuse a student or student. Yes, never! The union “because” is always written separately.
Another thing is that there is a spelling option "by what" , that is, in three words. Then this is no longer a union, but a combination of a preposition, a pronoun and a union. The check here will be the question “why?” . If the answer is part of the sentence, it means that there is a complex union in the design that needs to be written in two words. But if the answer does not come out, before you is an excuse with a pronoun and the union “what” .
However, the difficulty is some people do not understand the differences between the questions “why?” and "why?" . Then errors with this verification method are difficult to avoid. Experts advise to ask the semantic question “for what reason?”
Consider this with an illustrated example. The first sentence is a variant of using a three-word construction. It is clear that the question is “for what reason? ”Is inappropriate here.
The second hint that teachers propose to use is based on replacing a complex union with single-component “because” or “after all” . In the proposed first example, this will not work either.
But if we turn to the second option proposed here, then it will be quite easy to replace the complex union with the colloquial “after” or the common “since” in it. And the question “ for what reason?” "Easy to find the answer.
Where to put a comma?
After it became clear how to write “because” - through a hyphen or separately - it is worthwhile to deal with the punctuation.
Some people generally never recognize anything but the point. It’s bitter to be aware, but today a generation is growing up that considers this sign too redundant when it writes comments on social networks or messages. I must say that it is rather difficult to read such “sheets” without punctuation marks. And sometimes it’s impossible to grasp the meaning of what is written. So you look at the string of letters in one sentence and remember the cartoony situation with "you can’t have mercy on him."
So where do the punctuation marks come when in a complex sentence, the parts are connected through a complex union? It turns out that the comma can stand both in front of “because” and in front of “what”. It depends on the goal that the author pursues.
In the first case, he focuses on the result, and in the second - on the cause. It looks like this:
In the first version, the main idea is that there are no more banks. The reason for her loss is indicated, but it is as if secondary.
The second option clearly sounds like an excuse - an explanation of why there are no more banks, right? And all because the comma is placed before the “what”. As mentioned above, thereby the emphasis is shifted precisely to the cause of what happened.
They do not put commas in those cases when the union is at the beginning of the sentence. That is, the proposal itself - this is an indication of the reason, only the action itself is described in a separate phrase.
Cases when a comma should separate parts of a union
In some cases, the opinion of the author does not play a role, since the rules for setting punctuation marks come into force. They say that a comma must necessarily separate a complex union, if before it:
- there is a negative particle “not”;
- there is a particle of gain or limitation of action (for example, only);
- introductory word;
- the first part of the union is part of parallel structures, for example, homogeneous members or subordinate clauses.
Conclusion from the above
Every self-respecting person who speaks Russian should know everything about a complex union “because”:
- how do you spell;
- rule for setting commas when used;
- options for replacing it with semantic synonyms.
It should be remembered that this union is always written in two words. Do not hyphen under any circumstances! And when replacing it with a synonym, one should pay more attention to the stylistic coloring of the context.