Arrangement of the ventilation system is an important stage in the construction and repair work. This will create a healthy microclimate inside the building, a sufficient flow of air. In this case, the required humidity level will be maintained in the room. The well-being of people who are in such a room will be good. Various home furnishings, decoration, and things the owners of the house will be safe. They will not develop fungus.
One of the important elements of the system is a plastic ventilation duct for hoods. There are many options for such systems. How to choose a duct and mount it with your own hands will be discussed below.
Types of ventilation
Today, various techniques are used to create ventilation in the premises. There is forced and natural air circulation in the room. In the first case, an additional fan is installed in the channel. It provides the necessary outflow and air flow. Natural ventilation occurs in the process of natural circulation. This option is not suitable for all rooms.
Plastic ventilation ducts are often used when creating an exhaust system. However, there are systems that can do without them. In this case, recirculation devices are used. A fan with filters draws in air. It passes through filters of various sizes. There is a cleaner for large particles, and there is - for small ones. After that, the purified air enters the room again.
The disadvantage of such a system is the need to often clean the filters. Replacement of the purifier is carried out every 3-6 months. A new filter is quite expensive. The design of recirculation structures is not a wide choice. Therefore, today a channel type system is used much more often.
Duct Features
Considering how and from what to make a box for extracting to the kitchen, in the bathroom or living quarters, it is necessary to understand the principle of operation of the whole system. Channels take warm, moist air from the room. They transport it up, take it out through the roof.
Channels can be of different configurations, made of metal or plastic. The second option is preferable. Plastic is a lightweight, easy to install and operate material. Aluminum pipes are used more often in the kitchen. They are installed immediately on the hood above the stove. Aluminum is able to withstand high temperatures.
Plastic boxes are used to create subsequent channels. They differ in configuration, structure. Ventilation must be indicated in the construction plan. The entire construction of the future home should help air circulate inside the premises. To do this, it is fed into the rooms at the bottom of the building. Gradually, the air heats up. Wet masses come out through a special system on the roof of the building.
Pluses of plastic ducts for ventilation. Why should you choose them?
A certain list of pros and cons of plastic boxes for ventilation. The advantages of the structural elements presented must be considered before purchase. Plastic ducts create a low noise level. This is due to the low conductivity of the material. During operation, no noise is heard from the air that moves inside the system. Plastic has sufficient rigidity, which avoids its vibration during the flow.
The design can be operated for about 50 years. This long service life also increases the demand for plastic ducts. Rust does not appear on the material; condensate does not accumulate on the surface.
Grease and other particles of dirt do not settle inside the plastic system. This avoids pipe cleaning. All structural elements made of plastic are quickly mounted. The system is easy to maintain during operation. Plastic surfaces are simply wiped with a damp cloth.
disadvantages
If we compare ducts and mounting elements made of plastic with aluminum analogs, the latter can also highlight several main advantages. Plastic changes color significantly over time. If the box was originally white, it will turn yellow. Color varieties just burn out.
For this reason, air ducts hide behind the roofs of the furniture, in the space between the base of the ceiling and the stretch fabric, etc.
It should also be noted that plastic is a fairly soft material. If you hit him, you can see a dent. In some cases, the material may crack. In this case, the channel can no longer be operated. Do not press down the duct. It is deformed in this case. The channel capacity will be significantly reduced.
Duct requirements
Plastic ventilation ducts, the advantages of which exceed the disadvantages, must fulfill a number of mandatory requirements. This applies to channels that are mounted in any room.
Presented structural elements must be tight. To achieve a high density of compounds, use special materials. It can be gaskets, liquid sealants, etc. When choosing each element of the system, the total demand of the room in the amount of incoming fresh air is calculated.
The diameter of the ducts should facilitate the passage of a sufficient amount of air mass at a given speed. The type of pipe itself also affects this indicator. The materials from which air ducts are created must be harmless to human health and the environment. During air circulation, the structure should not make noise. Boxes must also be entered into the interior of the room. When choosing one or another design, the above requirements should definitely be considered.
Varieties
A large number of plastic hoods are on sale. A review of the species will help you choose the best option. Boxes for ventilation differ in a number of parameters.
There are certain signs by which pipes for exhaust are classified. Channels differ in shape, size, length. If a ventilation system for domestic use is created, rectangular pipes are most often used. This shape of the channels is also suitable for arranging ventilation in industrial facilities. Air masses, which contain chemical components unsafe for the body, are transmitted through these channels.
Round pipes are also in demand in modern construction. Moving along such a channel, air encounters less resistance. Round pipes are used if it is necessary to assemble a system with fast air movement along the channel. This option is preferred for wet rooms, cellars or garages.
If you want to harmoniously fit the box into the overall interior, it is recommended to use flat channels.
Hard box
Various types of plastic ventilation ducts can be made in the form of rigid or flexible structures. Both types of products are characterized by certain features. The choice depends on the complexity of the plan of the entire system. In some cases, the number of turns will be minimal. In this case, it is more advisable to mount a hard box. In this case, additional angles, tees and other adapters are used.
Flexible box
The ventilation duct can be bent many times. In this case, flexible types of boxes are installed. Such pipes have a corrugated configuration. They suggest that air will move inside at a relatively low speed. In this case, the pressure in the system should also not be large. The manufacturer of corrugated plastic pipes indicates the operating conditions of such products.
Durable rigid ducts are made of polymer material. They are less susceptible to mechanical stress. Flexible corrugated pipes are made of polyester. Reinforcement and aluminum foil are added to it. Thanks to this design, flexible pipes are distinguished by high sound and heat insulation.
System design
It is very important to choose and mount plastic ventilation ducts for hoods. The dimensions of the channel in cross section are one of the important characteristics of the design. To make the correct installation of the system, a plan is drawn up. In this case, take into account the dimensions of the premises, their features (dry, wet room). Next, you need to decide whether the ventilation will be natural or forced.
The plan must take into account the number of pipes, adapters, the total length of the system. It will also be necessary at this stage to determine whether ventilation will only take the spent masses and bring them out or whether it is necessary to create channels for the flow of air into the room.
When creating a project, the systems accurately calculate where the pipes will go. You will also need to take into account at what points holes will be created for the inflow and outflow of air. Think over the location of additional elements. It can be grilles, air intakes, pipe mounts, etc.
Cross sectional size
It is very important to correctly calculate the dimensions of the plastic ventilation duct. The cross section of the channel should correspond to the dimensions of the room. If a round pipe is used, the popular sizes are 100, 120, 150 mm. They are most often installed in domestic premises.
Rectangular boxes can also have different dimensions. Most often, in houses and apartments, channels with a cross section of 60x120 or 60x204 mm are installed. In order not to make a mistake in the choice, it is necessary to calculate the size of the box.
When choosing the size of the system, you need to consider what kind of air exchange the room needs. Also takes into account the number of people who live in the room. For each resident, an air exchange of about 55 m³ / h is required. In other words, for a family of 3 people, ventilation is required, which is able to create an air exchange at a speed of 165 m³ / h.
System selection
Choosing plastic boxes for kitchen hoods, ventilation in the bathroom, living quarters, basement, you must correctly determine the type of structure. For wet rooms, where fungus often appears, condensation on the walls, it is recommended to install a forced air exchange system. A special fan is additionally installed in the channel. It accelerates the outflow of air.
If ventilation is created in a dry room, you can do with a natural circulation system. The choice of box configuration depends on the purpose of the channel.
It is also important to make a preliminary calculation of the cross-sectional size of the pipes. To do this, use the following formula:
P = B * 2.778 / C, where P is the channel cross-sectional area, B is the air exchange corresponding to the number of people living in the house, and C is the air velocity through the pipe.
Also, a constant coefficient is used in the calculations. This allows you to make a correct assessment of the system parameters, correlate different indicators.
Mounting
The ventilation plastic duct for the hood must be installed correctly. For this, preparatory work is being carried out. First, a system design is created. The size of the cross section of the channels, their length is calculated. They also select all the additional elements (adapters, angles, tees, fasteners, etc.).
Further, according to a previously developed scheme, all elements of the system are assembled together. Additional devices are installed in the appropriate sections of the system. Joints are coated with sealant. If necessary, you can contact professional installers. They will do the job quickly and efficiently.
Having considered the features of plastic ventilation ducts for hoods, you can choose the best variety in accordance with the characteristics of the premises.