Beekeeping is a special direction in agricultural production, requiring knowledge, skills and a lot of patience. Often there is a need to replace the uterus or its replanting in the family. If this is done without any preparation, the uterus may not be accepted by the bee, and it will simply die. How to plant the uterus in the layers, what rules and methods exist for this, read the article.
Why are bees hostile to a planted uterus?
The negative attitude of insects to the new queen is due to many factors and is seasonal. It affects the state of the external environment, the bee family and the uterus, as well as how to plant the uterus in the bee layers.
The environment is of no small importance. First of all, these are weather conditions and the presence of plants containing nectar. The season, uterine replanting time, weather conditions also affect the attitude of bees to it. If the street is warm and quiet, the insects take a good new uterus to their family. If it is windy, rainy and cold, a good reception by the bees should not be expected. In such weather, they are annoyed and do not like any interference in their lives.
A great influence on the attitude of bees to the uterus has bribes. If not, the insects become vicious. For replanting the uterus, they try to choose the period in which the bees have at least some kind of bribe. Then they are less aggressive and can adopt a new uterus. If there is no bribe at all, you need to feed the bees before, during and after replanting the new queen.
The ratio of insects to the uterus depends on the season. Replanting in the summer is not easy, when there is still no major bribe. But when he appears, the bees become less observant, they are busy collecting nectar. During this period, uterine transplantation will be successful. The attitude of bees to her is affected by the time of day. Replanting is recommended in the evening. Bees are less active at this time. But the selection of uterus for removal is best done during the day.
The ratio of bees depends on the length of the period in which the family lives without a uterus. Orphaned insects will better take the uterus about three hours after it dies or is removed from the hive. During this time, the excitement of the bees will settle down, and they will stop looking for her.
The family should not be left without a queen for a long time. The prolonged expectation negatively affects the attitude of bees to it. A family can remain without a uterus for no more than six hours, otherwise it will deal with fistulous queen cells, the bees will lay them. All this, of course, can be corrected: to tear off the queen cells and urgently plant the uterus in the family. But the attitude towards her will be much worse.
Insects will never kill a new queen during the early spring, when they begin to fly around in search of nectar, as well as throughout the first week after it.
Bees are aggressive towards planted uterus when a bribe in nature comes to an end. This time falls on August and September. The negative attitude is pronounced in old flying bees. Insects on a young infertile uterus arrange a poor reception, especially if they have been sitting in a cage for some time. A bee that has just emerged from the queen cell is slow, its movements are smooth. The attitude of the family towards her is more favorable. With age, it becomes mobile, the attitude of bees to it changes, they meet it with hostility.
The reasons why the uterus is planted in layers
Very often, circumstances are such that it becomes necessary to implant the uterus. Every beekeeper faces such a problem during the season. Replanting a new uterus in layering is done for the following reasons:
- If the former queen is old, the bee family does not develop well.
- When the uterus for some reason is not.
- If layering and nuclei are formed with young uterus. In this case, to strengthen the family, the uterine uterus is transplanted, due to which the number of bees will increase rapidly. Beekeepers often face the question of how to plant the uterus in layers. There are many ways, everyone chooses one that is more suitable, given the individual characteristics of the apiary and many other factors.
Uterus implantation in layers according to the method of Stepanenko
Bees tend to breed on their own. This is a natural process called swarming. It gives beekeepers a lot of trouble, since the bees do not collect marketable honey, which affects profit. There are many ways to prevent this process, but Gennady Stepanenko suggests removing the queens artificially.
How to plant the uterus in layers by Stepanenko? To do this, start preparatory work from the end of April. The open brood frame and the uterus are removed from the hive, which is divided into two sections using the grill. A frame with honey is placed in a small compartment, and a uterus with an open brood is placed in the center. Instead of seized equipment, a frame with a printed brood from another evidence is installed.
The uterus is found and placed in an insulator, which is installed in a small department. Layers are made from the contents of this department. Then the uterus is removed from the insulator and together with the bees released into the layering. It is important to expand the nests before. Next, the cells through the cell are cut into strips and installed in slats. Unnecessary eggs are destroyed by a match, while observing a strict sequence. Two eggs are crushed, and one is left. Then expand all the nests and form nucleus layers. It remains to observe the process of egg laying.
The first method of direct implantation of the uterus in layers
It is considered risky, since the uterus, falling into a new family, is not protected from the aggression that bees show towards it. How to plant the uterus in the layers directly? This is easy to do. First, you need to remove the old uterus from the family and remove another from the nucleus, which will be planted in the layers. A new uterus is removed with a piece of honeycomb and placed in the place where the old one sat before. For three days, the hive should not be disturbed. Only after that you need to check what happens.
How to plant the uterus in the layers? If you use the direct planting method, you should know that you can apply it in the following case:
- When replacing an old uterus, the oviposition of which does not interrupt, with a fertile and young one.
- At a time when honey plants will bloom profusely.
- In small families with a large brood.
- In families where the vast majority are young bees.
The second method of direct transplantation
How to plant the uterus in the layers? The rules of this method are as follows:
- The uterus is removed from the family. Bees will begin to behave uneasily. In this state, you need to leave them for 12 hours.
- After that, the taphole is closed, but not completely. Leave two centimeters per span. Inside the bee house smoke is launched and the hive is closed.
- After what time does the uterus sit in the layers? After 15 seconds, the hive is opened, the uterus is launched into it, and again closed for 5-10 seconds.
- After waiting for the set time, the letoka is opened, but not wide open, otherwise the bees, flying out of the evidence, can carry the uterus behind them.
- Letok open completely in a day.
Indirect implantation of the uterus in the layers
Replanting in this way is carried out using mechanical devices. They are needed to temporarily isolate the uterus from malevolent bees. Indirect implantation is carried out using cells, caps, insulator containers, and also use the method in which the uterus is placed in the layers.
Titov cell transplantation
This method using a simple device, cells, is the most popular. How to plant a fetal uterus in layers? To do this, do the following:
- The old uterus is removed. Instead, a young queen is planted in the center of the nest, but only in a cage.
- A temporary house of a new uterus is attached to a honeycomb with honey.
- When can the uterus be planted in layers? After three days in the evening it is released, and the exit is glued with wax.
- Then the behavior of the bees is observed. If they entangled the uterus in a ball, it is urgently returned to the cage. After a few days, replanting should be repeated.
The advantage of the adaptation is the lack of opportunities for killing the uterus. But there are also disadvantages. The new queen is kept in unnatural conditions, her diet is disturbed, oviposition is suspended. In addition, the bee can get hurt.
Cap Replacing
Some disadvantages of the previous method are eliminated if mesh caps are used instead of cells. What is the best way to plant the uterus in the layers? This method has several advantages, although the procedure is the same, the only difference is that it does not immediately sit down, but after five hours.
During this time, the bees manage to feel that it is not under the cap, and begin to worry. The advantage of the method is that the content of the uterus occurs in vivo. Her feeding occurs on time, she continues to lay eggs. The drawback is one, but significant. Under the cap, you can penetrate and kill the uterus, if you gnaw the honeycomb under it. In this way, the fetal uterus sits in the layers.
Container Insulation
This method is very effective. Beekeepers use it more often than others, since the uterus has reliable protection from unfriendly bees and good conditions. She eats quietly and lays eggs. How to plant a fetal uterus in layers? To do this, adhere to the following rules:
- Take away the old queen.
- Choose a honeycomb for brood of bees. It should have a bee bread and empty cells.
- On this honeycomb plant a uterus and place it in an insulator.
- Close the container and center the evidence.
- After five or six days, you need to get rid of all the queen cells of the fistulous type. Remove the honeycomb with the uterus from the container and put it in its original place.
Uterine replacement using a cell with a tube
Replanting the fetal uterus is not difficult. This should be done from mid-April. The old uterus is removed, a new one is placed in its place. Bees do not notice the substitution, doing their own business. The uterus immediately begins to lay eggs. If you plant an infertile queen in this way, her bees will accept worse.
In an unfavorable period, when the plants secrete nectar in a small amount, the beekeeper decides: how to plant the uterus in the layers? This is best done with the use of the uterine cell, in the lower part of which a tube with a wide end is inserted, the diameter of which is one and a half centimeters. For the manufacture of tubes, you can use foil or sheet metal. The second end of the tube, the length of which is 30-50 millimeters, is smaller, only one centimeter. From below, the tube must be covered with a wax and made several holes in it.
The uterus is placed in this cell and transferred to the uterine-free family in the center of the nest. In this case, the frames must be moved apart, otherwise the cell will not fit. After about five days, an inspection is made. If the cell is empty, the uterus was accepted into the family. With a hostile attitude towards the new queen, she becomes invulnerable, hiding in a duct. The bees will not get inside, the uterus does not let them in, it closes the passage with the body. Bees can not accept the new queen if the family already has a uterus, as well as mother cells.
Replanting to a hardened bee family
This procedure is not easy to carry out. This is due to the fact that tucking in one cell makes laying eggs from three to five pieces, and not to the center, but to the walls. Bees take care of the rubbing, like a uterus, so they simply destroy the planted ones.
If the family in which the role of the queen is performed by tindering is weak, it is rejected, the bees are released, and the evidence is removed from the apiary. How to plant the uterus in layering with underpants? If the family is large and strong, a new queen is selected. It is placed in a cell and sits in a tilt family. Hives immediately swap places. It takes into account the fact that flying bees always return to their hive. So in this case. After two to three hours, they will fall into a tinder family in which they will meet their uterus.
Replacing through layering
This method has proven itself on the good side, so it is used when you need to plant a valuable uterus, increase the apiary or change the breed of bees. Through layering, fetal and infertile specimens are planted, as well as queen cells at the exit of the bees. How to plant the fetal uterus in the layers? To implement this procedure, you must follow these rules:
- Create layering on multiple frames. Printed brood should cover most of each frame.
- Layers sit in separate evidence if they consist of one case. If there are two of them, then a second body is used for replanting the layering.
- After three to four hours, the uterus sits in the layers in any way.
- As the bees get used to the queen, brood honeycombs are added to the lay. So a full bee family is formed.
Bee layers
How to make layering and plant the uterus? Small beehives called nuclei are more suitable for bee layers. But you can use ordinary hives, if the free space is fenced off with planks. After separation, layering is taken away a long distance from the apiary. This is done so that the flying bees do not return to their original place.
If there is no way to take the hives with layering away, they will just leave fewer bees, they will fly away. In this case, young bees in the cores must be provided with sufficient water. When they grow up a bit, they will be able to extract water on their own.
The families formed from layering need to be strengthened. To do this, use a printed brood at the exit. Swarm queens should be expected very soon. They will be much more hardworking than usual. Working capacity and family growth will increase. At the end of summer, the number of bees will be such that they are enough for ten frames.
Uterus replanting in a new home for young bees
This method is used when in a short time you need to create a lot of layering. Inspecting the main bee colonies, frames with printed brood, bee bread and honey are removed from the hive. Bees are shaken from them on the gangways lying in the shade. They can be plywood. Empty frames are placed in a new layer, formed the day before. The uterus must be found in advance and placed so that it does not fall into the nest.
Then the gangways are shaken. Old bees will fly to their family, while young ones will remain in place. A gangway is substituted for a new layer of a layering, which is located in a hive with brood and honey frames. Bees crawl with them right into the summer. An infertile uterus is placed in the thick of the insects, which, along with the rest, will fall into the layering, and the bees will take it.
How to put a mother liquor in layers?
When the bee is in the queen cell, it is impossible to control its quality. This method of replanting the uterus is not the best. But for urgent layering, beekeepers sometimes use it. So that the bees do not gnaw the mother liquor, it is placed in a spring, and covered with a tin on top. When the old flying bees flock to the mother's family, only young ones remain in the layer. They accept a new uterus, considering it their own.
Planting a new uterus on a honeycomb
This method can only be experienced by beekeepers. How to plant the uterus in the layers? This should be done in the evening, when the air temperature drops, and the bees lose their mobility. For the procedure, a frame with bees is taken from the layering and kept in air, the temperature of which should be below 14 degrees. This frame is with honey, it is extreme in the hive.
Bees will soon calm down, having gathered on honey, they will use it. At this time, the infertile uterus needs to be released. Bees will not pay any attention to it. After this, the frame must again be placed in the layers on the side on which the uterus is planted.
Infertile uterus implantation
There are several methods of replanting, the use of which depends on the weather and season. Using a sealed mother liquor is an easy way, but it has a drawback. Usually a visual examination of the uterus is carried out before it is implanted in the layers. But in this case, the queen is impossible to see. Although the uterus may have defects or it does not come out of the queen cell at all. Experienced beekeepers use other methods of replanting the infertile uterus into layers.
Alcohol use
How to plant an infertile uterus in layers? There is a method in which on the eve of replanting, about 20 minutes before it is carried out, cotton wool or foam rubber is moistened in alcohol and placed on top of the frame. The same swab can be put directly inside, if the bee family is large. Insects need to be provided with food. This is a prerequisite. , . . , . ? , . , , , , .