All sentences in Russian are built according to a certain type depending on the presence / absence of certain elements, the meaning or design of the smallest communicative unit.
So, for example, if we analyze the sentences from the point of view of the purpose of the statement, we can see three types:
Narrative containing information (I went to school.)
Interrogative (Will you go to college?)
Motivational (Go to class.)
Regardless of the purpose of the utterance, the sentence may have other characteristics. For example, by intonation, one design can be either non-exclamatory (I came.) Or exclamation (I came!).
If we consider the basis of the proposal, we can distinguish single-component structures (with one main member) or two-component (with a full base) - It grows light. Think about your actions. Silence. (One-part). I like summer very much. (Two-part).
Finally, this syntactic can be considered in terms of the presence or absence of secondary members.
Common sentences consist of a grammatical base and minor members. Supplements, circumstances, definitions are considered secondary . However, in order for the proposal to be distributed, you do not need a “complete set” of secondary members, but at least one of them is enough. (In the morning, school teachers are preparing for lessons. A notebook is on the table. A new employee has arrived. I will be back in the morning). All of the above examples are common sentences with a different "set" of minor members.
Accordingly, those constructions that have no other members besides the grammatical basis - Silence - are considered to be non-widespread. It is getting light. The city is waking up.
From the foregoing, we can conclude: unexplained and widespread sentences may be different in purpose of expression, intonation. (Bring the book! Please don't cry. Are you crying? How can you ?!)
Very often, students make a blunder by using the phrase “a simple common sentence.” This cannot be said because the prevalence / non-proliferation category refers only to a simple sentence. If it is a complex matter, then we should speak separately about each part of it. We give an example.
It is getting light, and the ice covering the puddles begins to melt.
This sentence :
narrative (for the purpose of utterance);
non-exclamatory (by intonation);
complex (by the number of parts or grammatical bases);
Complicated because its parts are connected by a creative conjunctive union, indicating that the action of the parts occurs simultaneously;
The first part (“Dawning”) is a simple, one-piece uncommon sentence;
The second part is a simple, two-part, widespread sentence.
Minor members can apply to any member of a proposal. Their task is to expand, clarify or clarify the meaning - the Guest entered the room. The new guest timidly entered the crowded room.
When analyzing a sentence, one should not lose sight of the fact that prevalence or non-proliferation categories are accepted in school grammar. In academic Russian, these signs are studied more deeply, which the school curriculum does not take into account. Therefore, different interpretations of the concept of “widespread and non-widespread sentences” are sometimes possible. For example, from the point of view of the school curriculum, appeals or plug-in constructions are not members of the proposal, therefore, they cannot distribute it. Therefore, the design of "Vanya, let's go!" will be considered a simple, one-part, non-distributed offer, complicated by treatment. From the point of view of some linguists, the independent word form (“Vanya”), introduced into the design, allows us to consider the sentence widespread.