Since ancient times, people have been trying to learn the experience of previous generations, trying to multiply it, enrich it with their own understanding and perception, in order to subsequently pass on their knowledge to future generations.
Such an aspiration is characterized by one word - “pedagogy”, which implies a science that studies the pattern of transmission by older people and the perception of the younger generation of the social experience necessary for everyday life and work.
Psychology and pedagogy belong to those sciences that are turned to practice, embedded in the problems of human life and society as a whole, they are looking for answers to the most common problems.
Psychology is the science of the regular development and functioning of the psyche as a special form of life, a field of knowledge about the inner world of a person, while pedagogy is a discipline about the training and education of the individual. These two independent sciences have a huge number of related theories and areas of practical purpose, which makes it possible to study them together.
Often, psychology and pedagogy are understood by people as something purely theoretical, consisting of hardly perceptible binders. This is to blame for the large number of scientific publications and manuals that sometimes contradict each other and further mislead a person regarding these two reliable disciplines.
Psychology and pedagogy allow us to more fully understand the patterns of development of the human psyche. This makes it possible to find the most effective ways of education and training.
Consider the basics of psychology and pedagogy.
The main goal of pedagogy is to study the patterns and development prospects of the process of improving teaching practice. The following areas should be distinguished in this discipline: the study of social and personal formation and development of a person in conditions of specially organized upbringing, the determination of the goals and content of the concept of upbringing, the search, as well as the scientific confirmation of the methods and forms of organizing educational work.
There is nothing more complicated than the problems of the individual, there is no more difficult task than to educate a person, live with him in the same society, work with him. Incompetent and illiterate actions in this area are unacceptable and dangerous. Where there is no exact knowledge, there is always a guess, and out of ten guesses, nine, as a rule, are erroneous. Approaching the solution of human problems must be especially responsible.
Special pedagogy and psychology is especially important because it is aimed at studying the processes of regularity, the tendency to control and develop the personality of a child who has limited opportunities due to health reasons. Such children need a specialized approach to education, training and perception of the world around them.
The main goal of this science is the timely identification of all kinds of deficiencies in personality development and the correction of functional disorders of mental activity and behavior. And all this can be revealed by psychology and pedagogy. Each specialist in these areas should be aware that he bears a huge responsibility to a person with limited physical or psychological capabilities.
Trying to help a problem child or an adult, one needs to choose purely individual communication methods separately with each individual, special conditions must be created for receiving education. This can be certain educational programs, specific teaching methods, all kinds of technical tools, medical, psychological and social services designed to help people with disabilities to master general educational and professional skills and programs. In a word, special pedagogy and psychology are called upon not only to observe the process of becoming a person, but also to help a person shape his thinking and an adequate perception of the world.