Today, various cords, hoses or tubes can be made of vacuum rubber, which have a wide range of applications in various fields and for various purposes. What is this material and where is it used? You will learn about this from our article.
Technical plate
Rubber plates can be of two types - shaped and non-shaped. Any of these types of technical plates can be used to make other products from the same material. Such parts as seals for various fixed joints, gaskets, which serve to prevent friction between any moving objects, can be made from vacuum sheet rubber. In addition, the same parts made of rubber can be used to reduce the vibration that occurs during the operation of some mechanical units.
Vacuum rubber, made in the form of technical plates, has such qualities as the absence of porosity and shrinkage of the material, it is well processed, so chopping or cutting the material is quite simple. Note that the service life of such plates is quite large, despite the conditions under which the rubber is used.
Vacuum plates
The production of such plates from vacuum rubber is regulated by TU 38-105116-81. The obtained material is used to seal stationary joints in various units that are operated in a vacuum. Vacuum rubber in this case is used in order to exclude the possibility of depressurization of the equipment used. It is also important to note that the thickness of the sealing material can be from 1 to 10 mm. Conventional technical plates are produced in white. This material is supplied in rolls with a width of 900 mm and a thickness of 1 to 6 mm. If the thickness of the material should be from 8 to 10 mm, then in this case, rubber plates are supplied, which are made in the form of a square 500 x 500 mm. The temperature at which such material can be safely operated is in the range of +8 to +70 degrees Celsius.
Hose
The use of a vacuum tube made of rubber or hose is now very common. Such elements are used to interconnect fore - vacuum pumps. Models of a new type are also widely used in cases where it is necessary to pump out using an extended flexible pipeline.
You can use hoses made of vacuum rubber in order to pump out chemically active gas from the premises. However, it is worth mentioning that products of this type are not used in high-vacuum systems. The use of PVC models is carried out only in those systems where high performance is observed. In addition, it must be borne in mind that when using a pumping hose, it must provide an acceptable process flow rate. If you do not comply with this requirement, it may happen that its own gas evolution will adversely affect the vacuum system.
Hose types
It is important to know that there are several types of vacuum hoses. The most popular model is a clamp single-bolt power model, which is made of galvanized steel. The purpose of this material is to connect the hose in the event that the environment is characterized by increased rigidity. The use of these types of hose is also quite common:
- silicone vacuum;
- reinforced vacuum;
- vacuum pressure;
- spiral vacuum;
- steel vacuum.
It is also worth noting another feature of such products - the transparency of the walls of PVC pipes. This feature is very convenient and is used to track various accumulations in the hose that may appear under the influence of technological contaminants. A similar phenomenon can be observed when the pumping process is carried out in a vacuum system from its inside.
Vacuum cord
The most important purpose for a cord from vacuum rubber was its use in vacuum installations. In such systems, it is used as a sealant. Such cords can be used at an ambient temperature of not more than +70 degrees Celsius. It is also important to understand that the use of gaskets cannot be carried out for a long time. In addition, the temperature of the working environment should not be more than +90 degrees.
There are several types of vacuum rubber cords:
- vacuum with a rectangular cross section;
- sealing hose from SKF 26;
- TU 38 105 108 76.
GOST vacuum rubber
GOST 7338-90 extends its effect to vulcanized and rubberized plates, which serve as a material for the production of rubber products. They are used as sealants for fixed joints to prevent the effect of friction between two or more metal parts. Also, these seals can be used to receive single shock loads or as gaskets.
The technical characteristics of vacuum rubber, which are presented to it according to the requirements of GOST, are as follows:
- Plates should be made only in accordance with the requirements of GOST, as well as only according to the approved technological documentation and rubber formulations.
- Rubber vacuum plates should be produced in several types, depending on their design, direct use, as well as the method of their production. According to these parameters, several grades of material are distinguished: - heat-frost-acid-alkali-resistant, AMS - atmosphere-oil-resistant rubber, MBS - oil-and-oil-resistant vacuum rubber.
In addition to this distribution of the material into various grades, there is a division into classes. Currently, there are only two classes for vacuum rubber.
Classes and types of material in accordance with GOST
The first class of rubber includes plates whose thickness is from 1 to 20 mm. They are intended for the production of rubber products that can be used as seals for assemblies operating under pressure above 0.1 MPa.
Rubber belongs to the second class with a material thickness of 1 to 60 mm, which, like the previous one, is used for the production of rubber products. However, parts made from this class of rubber can only be used to seal those components that will work under pressure not higher than 0.1 MPa. By types there are shaped and non-shaped plates.
Vacuum Silicone Rubber
Silicone rubber is produced using high viscosity silicone oil, as well as an inorganic filler and organic peroxide, which acts as a curing element. Silicone rubber has found its application even in electronic optics and microscopy.
In addition, silicone rubber has another name - silopran. This element is used in high vacuum technology. It is important to note that silicone rubber is not able to be as elastic as ordinary, but this is somewhat offset by the fact that it is able to withstand temperatures up to +150 degrees Celsius. In addition, the material tolerates short-term temperature jumps up to +260 degrees. It is important to note that some subspecies of silicone rubber become very fragile if they are cooled to a temperature of -60 to -90 degrees.