Features of the labor market in our country must be analyzed from three perspectives: the formation of an employment policy, which should take into account the specifics of current economic trends; national traits and qualities;
mentality of the population.
Unfortunately, the characteristics of the labor market in Russia in recent years are built on the basis of approaches and principles that are characteristic of European countries' strategies. But it is not always taken into account that they can be implemented only if adaptation to domestic realities is carried out.
Therefore, priority directions of state policy for 2011-2015 were developed. We consider in detail the main ones.
- Creation of institutional, economic and legal conditions that will ensure the development of an efficiently functioning and flexible labor market.
- Overcoming structural discrepancies in supply and demand for labor.
- Creation of conditions for improving the quality of labor, motivation for work and labor mobility.
- Realization of the right of Russian citizens to protection against unemployment.
What do I need to do? Features of the labor market and the development of its main areas require the adoption of the following measures.
- It is necessary to improve social and labor relations. This process will include: the development of the institution of social partnership, which involves strengthening its role in labor relations; legalization of employment; introduction of voluntary job loss insurance; finalization in accordance with acts of international law of provisions in labor legislation that will relate to social partnership.
- Features of the labor market in our country are directly dependent on the growth of industry, generating new and effective places for citizens. Therefore, the development of this sphere is important. This will help to increase and intensify labor productivity, reduce hidden unemployment, develop and modernize all levels and forms of vocational education, which is focused on the needs of an innovative economy and the modern Russian market. In addition, the development of industry will increase the competitiveness of citizens, will contribute to the development of human resources in organizations, the effective employment of young professionals, and the overcoming of long-term and structural unemployment.
- Creating a system of conditions that will help expand the supply of labor in the labor market. This can be achieved by creating flexible forms of employment for a special category of citizens (older workers, disabled people, women with young children, and so on). The main state mechanism in this case is the quota of jobs for these categories and the introduction of incentive mechanisms for managers to recruit citizens with labor restrictions.
- Features of the labor market also require the improvement and development of the system of state guarantees, protection against unemployment.
- It is necessary to form labor mobility and a system of conditions for the process of integration of foreign labor to take place, taking into account the future needs of the economy. But the principle of using Russian personnel must be a priority.
- It is also planned to increase the institutions of the labor market and public-private partnerships, which will promote the employment of citizens.
The labor market and its features is one of the indicators that is able to demonstrate national well-being, stability, and the effectiveness of socio-economic transformations.