Speech is a completely unique phenomenon that is inherent only to man. With its help, you can convey important information, express your opinion, and warn. Without exaggeration, we can say that speech is what connects individuals to society, allowing them to interact with each other.
But only people, communicating, can clearly and fully express the essence of what is happening. The unit of speech is a word, that is, a reflection of a concept or phenomenon. And this is not just a combination of sounds. The word is divine in the Bible. And the truth, it seems, how else can one explain the wonderful gift of expressing a combination of several sounds of a concept, action, property and phenomenon?
However, we will not go deeper into theology, but we will approach the issues of linguistics. All dialects and dialects are not worth considering. Therefore, for example, take the origin of Russian words. They are both a long heritage and an example of folk art. Once, according to scientists, there was a single language for the pra-Indo-European people, the direct descendants of which were the pro-Slavic tribes. From them, in turn, came the Russians. With the resettlement of the Slavs in vast territories, their single language gradually disappeared, breaking up into many dialects, which later formed into separate languages. At the moment, they are so different that their carriers often simply do not understand each other.
The pre-Slavic vocabulary mainly has Indo-European roots, but since the Slavs had close contact and partially mixed with other peoples, their language was first influenced by Iranian languages ​​(due to contacts with Scythians and their kindred tribes), and then Gothic (the reason was the conquest of the Goths). We do not even suspect that the age of some of the words that we use on a daily basis is hundreds or even thousands of years old. One simple example. Everyone knows the word bear. It is literally translated from Old Slavic as “knowing honey,” or honey eater. It was created by combining the roots of two words. And in the same way (root + suffix + root) a huge number of Russian words appeared. Other examples are clerical work, magnificent, skinhead, and many others.
Another way of creating words is to add new suffixes to the word, often with a change in the meaning of the words. There are many examples of this. The word “butterfly” comes from the word “woman” - the ancient Slavs believed that women after death turn into butterflies.
There is another way of forming new words - this is imitation of sounds, including sounds of nature (for example, the words "cuckoo", "growl", etc.). Perhaps this method was used by primitive peoples. But how did the words “dog”, “lion”, “cat” come about - not because of imitation of the sounds of nature and not by adding up the roots of words? They have always been used in folk speech. Similar words are in other European languages ​​- which means that these words are indigenous to Russian, and their history goes back to another language, Proto-Slavic.
It must be said that the theory of the pre-Indo-European origin of German, Gaelic, Greek, Slavic, Sanskrit, Latin is not without foundation. For example, in Hindi and Persian there are words very similar to their counterparts in Slavic or Germanic languages.
The origin of swear words is very interesting . It should be noted that they were once not at all abusive. The origin of the words that are called abusive is very ancient (not counting some that came from other languages). Many will not believe this. But the beloved by many, the word “b” once used to mean “lost”, came from the word “wander”. And only much later did it begin to mean the same as today. It became obscene under the Empress Anna Ioannovna, who banned him.
Words calling male and female genital organs have Slavic roots, their analogues are in all Slavic languages. Many hundreds of years ago, they were not at all obscene. A word from ancient Sanskrit that conveys the process of intercourse is very similar to its Russian counterpart, which means that this word is also very ancient.
So, in general, our language has an ancient history - the origin of the words in their majority goes back to the parent language of the Indo-Aryan peoples, and maybe even deeper. However, he is still not a direct descendant of Sanskrit; throughout his history he has changed. Therefore, the origin of the words of our language is not completely Indo-European, and partially Asian, partially French, Latin, Greek and English.