The etymology of the words of the Russian language can not always be determined absolutely accurately. Linguists sometimes offer several, sometimes mutually exclusive, hypotheses of the origin of a particular word. But individual words of our language have a well-traced history. Not only is the date of appearance of such words known, but also their authors.
Words Having Authors
Some words that we use without thinking in everyday speech were invented or introduced into the literary language by scientists and writers. The words "acid", "horizon", "thermometer" and many others were first used by Mikhail Lomonosov. Nikolay Karamzin owns the word "industry", Saltykov-Shchedrin - the word "golotyotyap". "Feeling over" came up with Dostoevsky. The word “airplane” was first used in relation to an airplane Igor Severyanin, “whip” was introduced into our speech by Ivan Panaev. The list goes on.
Not all words that were proposed by the authors entered the literary language. Such, for example, words like a winged, swan (Khlebnikov) or blindondas, all-human (Dostoevsky), did not take root in the language.
Ivan Panaev
Ivan Ivanovich Panaev was born in 1812 in St. Petersburg, received his education at the Noble Guesthouse at St. Petersburg University. From 1834 he began to print, was engaged in literary activities and journalism. In Moscow, he met Belinsky and invited him to work for Fatherland Notes. In 1847, together with A. N. Nekrasov, he revived the journal Sovremennik and was its permanent author. His wife was Avdotya Bryansk (in the marriage of Panaev). Avdotya Panaeva became one of the most famous women in St. Petersburg. Her beauty was admired by Vladimir Sologub, Fedor Dostoevsky, Alexander Dumas.
N.A. Nekrasov was in love with Avdotya. And they began to live in a civil marriage, which caused a lot of rumors. At the same time, Ivan Panaev maintained friendly relations with Nekrasov, for which he was constantly subjected to condemnation and sharp jokes. Ivan Panaev died in 1862 at the hands of Avdotya.
The appearance of the word "whip"
In the mid-fifties of the nineteenth century, Ivan Panaev published a series of feuilletons in the journal Sovremennik, whose headings included the word "whip." This is the "High society whip", "Provincial whip", "High school whip." This word Panaev borrowed from the student-writer environment, where it may have come from the Polish word. In Polish, a “whip” is a “whip”. Pronounced sharply, like onomatopoeia beat.
Meaning of the word
In the Big modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language, the following definition is given to this word. A whip is:
Smart, smug and empty young man who loves to show off.
Used as a reproach or swear word.
The type of word is defined as spoken, reduced.
In his essay, "The High-society Whip," Panayev explains what he meant by calling his hero the whip. He writes that there are different types of whips. And that all of them are essentially worthless people who imagine themselves significant. And just as the sound of a word is dissonant, communication with these people is just as unpleasant.
We also sometimes talk about someone "whip." The meaning of the word has not changed.
Philosophy of dendism
We can say that a whip is an analogue of the word "dandy" in Russian. Dendism began in the 19th century. The founder of the lifestyle is considered the Englishman George Brammel. Over time, a whole code of dendist behavior was formed, which included pride, polite cynicism, cold treatment, eccentricity, minimalism of the wardrobe. In the 20s of the XIX century, dendism also appeared in Russia. True, Russian dendism was different from European. Russian whips often did not observe the principle of minimalism in clothes, complementing their appearance with expensive accessories and jewelry.
Among the famous dandies are Byron, Baudelaire, Oscar Wilde.
The most famous dandy in Russian literature is, of course, Eugene Onegin. And its creator A.S. Pushkin, too, was no stranger to this fashion.
A fan of dendism, according to the memoirs of his contemporaries, was Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.
Silver Age poets also paid tribute to this fashion. Velemir Khlebnikov, Igor Severyanin, Nikolai Gumilev, Mikhail Kuzmin completely fall under this definition.
According to the memoirs of contemporaries, Kuzmin’s wardrobe had 365 vests.
Of course, this does not in any way detract from the talent of these poets. Dendism was a kind of game for them.
The modern analogue of the word “whip” can justifiably be called the word “metrosexual” that has recently appeared in our speech. It was invented in 1994 by British journalist Mark Simpson. In his book "Male Masks," he described a new type of man, some qualities of which are inherent in the Panaevian whip.