Language norms are generally accepted rules for the use of various language means, which are regularly repeated in people's speech and recognized as correct at this stage of the development of the literary form of the language. As a rule, the norms are enshrined in various textbooks and dictionaries.
Stylistic norms govern the correct selection of certain words and their forms, as well as sentences - depending on the specific situation of communication and the relationship of the writer or speaker to the subject of the message. Stylistic norms relate to the selection of linguistic means, the rules for combining these means with each other and the correlation of stylistic linguistic phenomena.
Stylistic errors - errors that arise as a result of a deviation from existing style norms, if such deviations are not intentional and do not pursue any stylistic or aesthetic goals. For example, in a fiction text you can find many deviations from the norm, but they all pursue some purpose and express the idea of the author of the text.
Thus, stylistic errors - speech errors, which consist in the use of words, phrases and sentences that do not fit into the style of the text. Deviation from the norms and violation of style unity can weaken the expressiveness of the text and its meaning.
There are several groups of errors. The first is lexico-stylistic mistakes . They are associated with the unjustified use of jargon, dialectisms, archaisms and other marked words. This also includes errors of an anorthhem-stylistic nature, which are associated with the misuse of words with diminutive suffixes; syntactic-stylistic stylistic mistakes (misuse of participial sentences in a sentence); logical and stylistic mistakes.
The next group of errors is associated with insufficient language resource skills . These errors include:
1. Inappropriate repetition of a word or root words in a narrow context.
2. The use of pleonasms - phrases with an excessive semantic component.
3. Tautology - repetition of cognate words or words spoken in other words.
4. Verbosity due to the use of universal words.
5. Verbosity caused by the replacement of a verb by a combination of a verb with a wide meaning and a verb noun.
6. The use of speech stamps - battered expressions with blurred lexical meaning and faded expressiveness.
7. The use of parasitic words.
8. Inappropriate use of non-literary words.
9. Monotonous construction of sentences.
10. Lack of imaginative means in the text where they are needed.
There is also a group of errors that are associated with an underdeveloped stylistic instinct. These errors include the following defects:
1. Inappropriate use of epithets, metaphors, comparisons, and other stylistic devices.
2. Mixing vocabulary related to different styles.
3. Dissonance caused by an excessive accumulation of vowels or consonants.
4. Violation of the overall integrity of the text.
5. Wrong word order.
Compliance with stylistic norms is very important, since it is the correct use of words and the construction of sentences that shows the level of education of a person, as well as the level of knowledge of his native or foreign language. It is stylistic errors or their absence that indicate whether a person has enough language resources and whether his stylistic sense is developed.
Today, such errors are very common: both in official speech and in unofficial discourse. Some errors have become so common that people barely notice them. Nevertheless, it is very important to carefully monitor your speech and do everything possible so that it is competent and motivated.