An American search engine called Google was developed by the company of the same name from the United States. The initial goal of a search engine is to collect and catalog all kinds of information from the Internet to make it more accessible and to facilitate search for users.
This US search engine indexes trillions of pages. Most of the information is stored on the company's servers in a simplified form. Caching is used for this. Therefore, even remote sites and pages are stored by a search engine for a long time. To date, this American search engine is the first in terms of popularity and processes 77% of search queries in the world. Its name comes from the distorted form of the numeral googol, equal to 10 to the hundredth degree.
History of creation
The American search engine in question was created by Sergey Brin and Larry Page back in 1996. It was originally a student project when its founders studied at Stanford University. It was based on the idea that a mathematical algorithm for analyzing user relationships with websites would be more practical than a regular text search. The result of a student project was the creation of Google Inc in 1998. Its headquarters was located in California (Menlo Park). Soon after, the American search engine Google with the same name as its site appeared on the Internet.
In February 1999, the company's headquarters was moved to Palo Alto, California. Given the growing interest in finding information and rising profits from contextual advertising on the Internet, the founders were able to hire a professional team of employees. The new headquarters became known as Googleplex. At the initial stage, the main competitor of Google was a search engine from Microsoft.
American Bing Search Engine
This search engine was introduced by Steve Ballmer (Microsoft CEO) in 1998. Then this search engine was called MSN Search. In 2006, it was renamed to Windows Live Search, and in 2007 it was reduced to Live Search. In 2009, the search engine received its current current name - Bing. By popularity, he takes second place in the world.
The advent of Yahoo!
In early 2004, Google controlled about 80% of the search market using rented from Yahoo! and AOL technology and power. However, soon Yahoo! refused to renew the contract, starting to work on creating their own search engine. Its appearance slightly reduced the proportion of Google searches, but the US Internet search engines were still the leaders.
Technology
The most important technology that has been patented by Google is PageRank. It is a mathematical algorithm for ranking pages for each search query. The pagerank of the site and each individual page is based on the number of links to them from external resources. The logic of this method is that the more a site is referenced, the more authority, popularity and usefulness it has.
Search robots
Googlebot indexes web pages. Day and night they surf the world’s network in search of new sites and information updates on existing ones. Robots read the contents of web pages, analyze it and send it to the main server, where they are cached. As a rule, the same pages are bypassed by the Googlebot at certain intervals. The frequency directly depends on the frequency of website updates.
Search
This American search engine is adapted for most major countries. Each geographic region is served by its own server, and the search engine site is registered on a national domain. For search in Russia, google.ru is used, in Ukraine - google.com.ua, in Poland - google.pl, etc.
Features
The theory of the “sandbox principle” is very popular. Its essence lies in the fact that websites with new domain names, with the frequent change of their name servers or owners, are placed in the sandbox (exclusion zone). They are there until the Google algorithm considers the site ready for "free swimming." There is also a converse theory - the “newbie bonus”. According to her, during the initial indexing of a new site with unique content and in the presence of several links to it from authoritative resources, the site immediately falls into good places with a high PR. However, after some time, privileges are removed, and the website is assigned its real performance. One can only guess how true these theories are, because the aforementioned American search engine does not reveal the secrets of its algorithms.