German verb management - this is the name of the ability of this part of speech to require the introduction of a word in a sentence that depends on it (it can be used with or without a preposition). This topic is quite specific, it is worth considering in more detail.
Cases and their meaning
Verb control is found not only in German. In Russian, this can also be observed. A few examples can be considered. Amazed - why, to whom? In this case, the dependent noun is in the dative case. Another example: to admire - what, by whom? This is instrumental. And finally, the last example: rely on what, on whom? In this case, the accusative case is used, as well as the preposition. This is the management of verbs. But this is one case. If we talk about how the management of verbs in German looks like, then we can say that the principle is the same.
On the example of the Russian language
Conducting an analogue of a foreign language with Russian, learning a topic is much faster. In this case, the same should be done. Here is one of the most obvious examples: sehen jn (Akk) - to see someone or something (accusative case); helfen jm (Dat) - help someone (dative). This similarity is due to the fact that the use of verbs in our language and in German often either completely coincides or is similar. However, this is not in all cases. For example: “sich interessieren für Akk” (translation: interested in something). The application of this combination will look like this: “Ich interessiere mich für Musik” (translation: I am interested in music). An example shows that in Russian, after the verb used (that is, “be interested”), a noun must be put. But in German it will be accusative and necessarily the pretext “für” (translated into Russian as “for” or “for”).
Prepositions
It should be noted one more nuance that distinguishes the management of verbs in the German language. The fact is that in such cases, the generally accepted meaning of the preposition is usually not realized. That is, it is interpreted somewhat differently. Take, for example, the previous example. People who study German know that the preposition “für” is usually used in relation to someone. Let's say “Ich sing für dich” - “I sing for you.” And there the pretext was used as a connective. This may seem counterintuitive to a person who is just learning. However, this is the specificity of the management of verbs in German. With examples, this rule is easier to understand: “talk about something” - “sprechen über A.”; “Denken an” - “think of something”, etc.
Types of Verb Management
Another important fact worth knowing is that a pronoun is sometimes used instead of a noun. Still often found both one and the other part of speech, i.e., combined use. And now we should talk about what types exist which control verbs in German are divided into. Their list is small:
- Verbs that require the use of a nominative (i.e. nominative case).
- Those that need accusative (i.e., accusative case).
- Verbs requiring the introduction of a sentive in the sentence (i.e., the dative case).
- Also, those who need both accusative and dative (respectively, both the accusative and the dative case).
- Verbs that require two accusatives.
- Those who need the introduction of a genitive (i.e., genitive).
- Verbs with genitive and accusative.
- And finally, just parts of speech with prepositions.
This list should be remembered - so mastering the management of verbs in German (a table of which will be provided below) will be much easier. But it is worth knowing that there is no firm rule indicating exactly which case a particular verb governs.
Competent construction of the proposal
Each person studying languages knows that sometimes its meaning depends on the construction of a phrase. So, if you use one verb with several cases (or prepositions), then the meaning of the sentence will be completely different. Let's say the phrase “Ich habe Sie verstanden” translates as “I understand you.” Here the verb is used in the third form and at the same time in the past tense. But if you build the proposal in this way: “Ich bin mit Ihnen einverstanden”, then this will translate as “I agree with you”. In principle, the words are adjacent, but if you “try on” these phrases for any conversation, then the meaning can be radically changed. But still, it is more important to distinguish the case form of nouns. The Russian version differs greatly from the German one. The verb in many cases requires putting the pronoun “sich” after itself, and it also needs to be put in a specific case (either Akkusativ or Dativ). One example is a sentence that sounds like: “Ich interessiere mich für Ihre Arbeit”. If you translate it into Russian literally, it turns out: "I am interested in your work." In fact, the Germans understand this more simply: "I am interested in your work."
Learn and memorize
Only by memorizing words, one can master the management of verbs in German. The full list is pretty impressive, but it's really possible to learn it. You need to understand that without a verb you cannot build a sentence, it must be said that this part of speech is the most frequently used, and in any language. Literally in every sentence it is. Anrufen (to call), anfangen (to start), antworten (to answer), arbeiten (to work) and much more - all these words we use in colloquial speech daily, hourly. And if you want to learn the German language in its entirety, then a topic such as managing verbs in the German language needs time. But not everything is too complicated, because there are not so many prepositions as there are cases, in fact. And knowing the basics of the German language (and, accordingly, having a certain set of verbs in the vocabulary), you can master the topic easier and faster. The main thing is the pursuit of knowledge.