An integral part of the economy of any society is economic activity, as a set of relations that take shape in the country's social and production system. Economic activity is the activity of individuals and enterprises of various forms of ownership and organization, carried out under the current legislation and associated with the production or trade, the provision of services or the performance of a certain type of work in order to satisfy the social and economic interests of not only the owner, but also the labor collective.
The economic activity of the enterprise, as the key basis of the country's economy, got its definition in ancient Greece, when the theory arose about the creation of various benefits for the life of society and its development.
The basis of any modern state is the economic activity of enterprises producing various products, as well as organizations engaged in various scientific developments, scientific research. In addition to the main production, economic activities are also carried out by auxiliary industries that organize marketing and provide marketing services, as well as after-sales services for manufactured products, and numerous organizations in the service sector.
Modern Economics as an economic activity includes various branches of material and intangible production, and is a very complex organism that constantly ensures the life of the whole society and each person individually. All human economic activity consists of two key points - production and distribution. These two areas of activity are inextricably linked, since only the manufactured products can show the final result as a result of its delivery to the final consumer.
To solve the main task of the country's economy and economic activity in particular, the most important is to determine the most rational use of all resources and the proper organization of the distribution of the result to meet the needs of the whole society. For this purpose, basic economic issues are being addressed.
The first question is what to produce? This is the choice of basic goods to meet the needs of the population. Since resources, both natural and human, are limited, and the needs are unlimited, the task of state bodies and private corporations is to determine the optimal set of goods and services needed to solve the problems of society.
The second question is how to produce it, by what means? This is a matter of the evolution of mankind, technological and scientific development. When solving this issue, the main thing is to choose the most rational method of production in order to obtain the results of invested funds and resources with the greatest speed and effectiveness.
The third question is for whom to produce? It is necessary to determine the final consumer, his goals, needs and possible volumes of consumption. This is a key issue for any industrial and economic activity, since it is he who reveals the entire efficiency of the use of resources and the costs incurred at all stages of the path to the final consumer.
These issues involve the conduct of planned economic activity, competent management, as well as the need to control the result. For this purpose, enterprises constantly conduct statistical, accounting and operational-technical accounting with an analysis of the results.