It is no secret that, depending on the mentality of the people living in a particular country, their traditions and foundations are taking shape. The same principles apply to management. But in conditions of close interweaving of economic relations between the countries, it is not rare to consider not a single country, but several countries united among themselves by some kind of economic treaties and obligations, or in close interaction with each other.
One striking example of this is the European management model. Consider the basics of the origin of such a model and its origins.
It is worth noting immediately that the British gave a serious impetus to the development of such a concept as a European management model. It was they who had a significant impact on the formation of the model. Among the founders who first formed their model, the English management model can be identified L. Urvika, and R. Felka. They dealt with issues of management principles.
The European management model was actively developed in the 40s of the last century. It was at this time that it was necessary to make important decisions aimed at implementing military and strategic tasks.
In the postwar years, key management researchers moved the research center to the United States. However, this did not mean at all that the West European management model ceased to exist and turned into an American one. Indeed, in addition to England and in other countries, studies were conducted on this topic. So, in France, these management issues were dealt with by the well-known brothers Andre and Eduard Michelin, Henri Louis Le Chatelier, Charles Fremen-ville.
In Germany, such famous personalities as the sociologist Max Weber were actively involved in management issues. It was his developments that helped to bring such concepts as the “ideal type” in the administrative organization, also called the bureaucracy to the scientist, in the Western European model of management. The work of Karol Adametsky also made a significant contribution to the development of management in Europe.
The European management model differed from similar models developed in the USA and Japan with a more rigorous approach to personnel management issues. In addition, in many European countries such as the UK, Norway, Sweden, and Holland, management principles were actively developed that even allowed the employee to take a direct part in this. In addition, the European management model has been actively developed in the direction of studying the behavior of people under the influence of collective or group behavior. Thus, this model, from its very beginnings, provided for the status of a “social person”.
Describing European management, one cannot fail to mention such a person as German Chancellor Ludwig Erhard. Prior to that, he worked as Minister of Economics, scientist and politician. And it was under his leadership that Germany in the postwar years achieved an economic recovery called by many - a miracle. Erhard's concept known as the “Social Market Economy” consists of two provisions:
- Strengthening the regulation of processes by the state in all spheres and sectors of the economy.
- The abolition of directive planning and the transition to indicative planning. It involves the development of plans and indicators, the achievement of which is desirable and priority.
The Swedish management model developed by one of the Nobel Prize winners Myrdal deserves special attention. This model takes into account the features prevailing in the society of Sweden, which is a country with high guarantees of material and social security of the population.
Thus, it can be said that the West European management model did not take shape in a single country, it went through a long evolutionary period in each of the European states, and only the best principles then transformed into pan-European ones, which, however, due to their flexibility make it possible to take into account the specifics of each state in separately. It is on these foundations of management that the modern European Union exists.