After a year to pass the exam, and I have problems with the Russian language: no suffixes of nouns! What he didn’t do: he crammed the rules, slept with textbooks under his pillow, even took Rosenthal’s allowance in the school library, but to no avail. Looks like I'll fail on the exam!
So that sad thoughts often do not visit my head, I ask for a visit to our excellent student. Sveta is a smart girl, perhaps she will help me learn how to spell nouns suffixes. Now I’ll dial her phone number - and into battle! She answered, at six o’clock in the evening I made an appointment. I hope that she will teach me how to move my brain convolutions.
We are sitting with Svetka in the school locker room, we are dressed in textbooks, exercise books, we argue so that teachers passing by look around, and friends in the hallway have fun. Here I understand that it is not necessary to yawn around, but to try on the rules of the Russian language.
It turns out that the suffixes of the nouns -chik-and -shchik-, or rather, the rules for writing them, can be remembered using the alphabet. Imagine its beginning and remember the paired consonants for deafness-voiced: b-c, v-f, g-k, d-t, w-w, w-s. The rule goes like this: suffix -chip - write if the basis of the producing word ends in dt, ss, f (cut - cutter, run across - defector).
Compare with the above paired consonants. Did you catch the resemblance? True, there is one underwater stone: consonant sounds should be preceded by a vowel sound, but if it is not, then kindly spell the word with the suffix “schik” (asphalt - asphalt).
Suffixes of the nouns -chik- and -shchik- do not lend themselves to the above rule if the lexical meaning of the word does not indicate a person’s occupation or occupation, for example, the herdman is a profession, and the herd is a small herd of animals.
I even jumped for joy when I realized that it was not at all difficult to distinguish between these morphemes. Then Sveta dazzled me with the question: “In what cases is the suffix -ank written?” For a long time I tried to recall this morpheme, rummaged through manuals, searched for suitable words, but apart from the phrase “spacious bathhouse” nothing came to mind. With grief I opened the textbook and saw that there is no such suffix in modern Russian .
Sveta laughs: "You need to be friends with textbooks and manuals in order to know the spelling of nouns suffixes." I understand, what about the rest of the guys?
For my friend, for example, it is still not clear how to distinguish abstract (relative) nouns from verbs if “t” is written at the end of both words. “On the matter, my friend,” replies Sveta. - Nouns answering the question “What?” Have a suffix -ost- For example, real estate, bitterness. Verbs do not have such a suffix, and they answer completely different questions, for example, to run (what to do?), To pay (what to do?).
How interesting, I thought, opening the textbook on page twenty-two. It told how not to make a mistake in writing combinations of the letters Inc and the suffix -enk-. It turns out that Inc. is two morphemes that look like this, if in feminine nouns before the formation of a new word there was a combination of in (a): the bar - the bar, but the Frenchwoman - French. The only exception is the word neck.
I will thank the world for sure: tomorrow I will buy her a box of chocolates and bring as a gift for my training. Maybe she will also pull me up in mathematics?