In Russian, verbs, like other parts of speech, are subject to inflection. This grammar is called conjugation, i.e., a change in numbers and genera. For example: I go - he goes - they go. Verbs refer to a specific conjugation: I or II. Understanding the basics of conjugation will help you correctly record endings that are stress-free. In this article, we learn the basics and analyze in detail verbs 3 plural.
Faces and numbers
Verbs are three persons, as a unit, and many others. numbers. Persons show who performs the action:
- 1st unit h. - the speaker produces an action and is considered the subject of speech. For example: I go to the store, I listen to music.
- 2nd unit h. - talks about the actions that the interlocutor performs. For example: you ride a bicycle, you drink tea.
- 3rd unit h. - talks about the action that the subject or person does not participate in the conversation. For example: she dances best of all, this happens all the time.
- 1st, plural h. - the action is done by several people, together with the speaker. For example: we saw off a friend, we swim in a boat.
- 2nd, plural h. - talks about actions related to both the interlocutor and other persons, for example: you think about moving, you listen to the news.
- 3rd, plural h. - the verbs 3 of the plural describe actions performed by objects or persons not present during the conversation. For example: they burn bonfires, they fight in battle.
Face. How to determine?
Persons of the verbs are determined by substituting the question:
1. When the word refers to the 1st:
- what will I do?
- what do we (s) do?
2. When the word refers to the 2nd:
- what will you do?
- What will you do?
3. When the word refers to the 3rd:
- what is she (s) doing?
- what do they (s) do?
Conjugation of verbs in Russian. Table
Conjugation is specified by the indefinite (initial) form of the verb (what to do?). Consider which of the verbs belong to I, and which to II.
No. | I | II |
1 | Exception words (3 pcs.): Lay, shave, build | All verb forms ending in -ite (not counting 3 exceptions) |
2 | All verb forms ending in -et (not counting 7 exceptions) | Exception words (7 pcs.): See, hate, watch, endure, depend, hurt, twirl |
3 | All verb forms ending in -at (not counting 4 exceptions) | Exception words (4 pcs.): Breathe, hear, hold, drive |
4 | Other verb forms | |
Verbs 3 persons plural. Examples. Features
Consider the modification of verb forms (different conjugations):
Face | I | II |
Units hours: 1st 2nd 3rd | screaming, singing, drowning, wanting screaming, singing, drowning, want screams, sings, drowns, wants | I cook, twist, see, endure you cook, you turn, you see, you endure cooks, twists, sees, endures |
Mn hours: 1st 2nd 3rd | we cry, sing, drown, we want scream, sing, drown, want shout, sing, drown, want | cook, twist, see, endure cook, twist, see, endure boil, twist, see, endure |
Verbs 3 persons of the plural have endings: -at (-yat) and -out (-yut). You can ask them questions: “What are they doing?”, “What will they do?” These verbs can be used in sentences where the participant in the action is not defined, for example:
- I am advised to quit this job.
- They talk about it on the street.
- This candidate is supported.
Many confuse spelling of 3rd person verbs pl. hours (or singular) and verbs of indefinite form. For example: bite - bite, swear - swear, swim - swim. How to find out when you need a soft sign in writing, and when not. To do this, ask the question:
- try, get scared (what are they doing?) - these are the verbs of the 3rd L. many h., there is no soft sign in the question, which means that it is not needed in the word either;
- try, scared (what to do?) - these are neopr verbs. forms, in the question there is a soft sign, which means that it is also written in verbs.
To test knowledge of third-person verbs pl. h. Try to complete the tasks.
Exercises
Exercise No. 1. Match these words:
- shave;
- depend;
- cut;
- prick
- to drive.
Exercise number 2. Put the verb in the form of the 3rd person pl. numbers:
- clean;
- to set;
- go;
- to swim;
- step.
Exercise number 3. Which of the verb forms are in the 3rd person pl. numbers:
- they look;
- crash;
- we are carrying;
- throwing;
- mow down.
The answers
Exercise number 1:
- shaving, shaving, shaving, shaving, shaving, shaving;
- I depend, depend, depend, depend, depend, depend;
- cut, cut, cut, cut, cut, cut;
- prick, prick, prick, prick, prick, prick, prick;
- chasing, chasing, chasing, chasing, chasing, chasing.
Exercise number 2:
- they clean;
- set;
- they are going;
- they are floating;
- pace.
Exercise number 3:
1) they look, 4) they throw, 5) they mow.
Here are the ways to modify verbs. We examined how words are transformed by persons, numbers, which endings form the verbs 3 of the plural. Indicated examples. Now everyone can easily establish the conjugation of any verb.