Trout farming can be a great start-up for young entrepreneurs. Such a business will be quite interesting and will bring a steady profit. The cultivation of fish of valuable species is one of the branches of agriculture, which has a high profitability. The breeding process itself is characterized by relatively small financial investments, a minimal breeding area and a high-quality final product, which is of particular value. In this article we will consider methods for breeding trout, how much trout grows and what conditions of keeping will be optimal for it.
What is trout bred for?
Representatives of the Salmon family have a high gastronomic value. Therefore, trout farming on mini-farms is one of the most relevant types of fish farms. Such fish can often be found in the menu of restaurants. In addition, it is great for canning, smoking and other popular cooking methods.
If we consider trout farming on mini-farms, we can note a number of advantages of this type of business. Trout among other species that grow fish farms stands out for its unpretentiousness in care. She feels great both in natural reservoirs, and in conditions of ultrasound. The fish has good taste. It is noteworthy that not only the fillet is appreciated, but also its caviar. Trout has practically no small bones, which makes it safe to eat.
Breeding trout on mini-farms is also attractive because this species of fish is omnivorous. This facilitates the acquisition of the necessary feed. In addition, it is unpretentious to the environment. Trout fish feel great both in salty sea water and in fresh river water.
What is necessary for a successful start?
Growing trout is not a very difficult process, and the demand for fish will bring a guaranteed profit. In order to start a business in this industry, you need to get everything you need in advance. A mandatory list may include several points. First of all, it is a tank or a reservoir where trout will be bred. Secondly, this is high-quality young growth. It is worth considering that growing trout fry yourself is a rather complicated and expensive process. Therefore, it is best to purchase young from large fish-farming enterprises. The third item on the list will be monitoring equipment and life support systems. This includes systems for filtering and circulating water, heating, automatic feeders. The last thing you need for a successful start is high-quality feed mixtures. They can be made independently or purchased in specialized stores.
What types of trout are bred at home?
In the natural environment, individuals of one species can significantly differ from each other. They can be different in hue, size and body shape. Such differences are due to the habitat, the size of the reservoir, the chemical composition of the water and various climate properties. It is noteworthy that in order to attribute certain individuals to a certain species, you need to pay attention to those signs that do not change under the influence of any factors. Such signs include the shape and size of scales, fins and tail. For breeding trout on a mini-farm, as a rule, two main types are used - rainbow and brook.
These two types of trout are able to inhabit both fresh and sea salt water. In the natural environment, they are most often found in mountain rivers. The main advantage of breeding these species is the ability to use almost any water, the availability of feed mixtures and equipment. As for the choice between these two species, it can be made on the basis of studying the advantages and disadvantages of each type of trout.
Brook trout
This fish, in accordance with its name, is found in streams and small rivers located in mountainous areas. Her distinguishing feature is her elongated narrow body and head with a small knoll. The body is decorated with dots of brown, scarlet and black. This color has a camouflage function. Thanks to him, trout merges with a rocky bottom and vegetation. This species is predatory. Trout eats various insects and fry.
An adult is capable of reaching a weight of up to 350 grams and a size of up to 40 centimeters. An important point when breeding trout in an ultrasound system is compliance with the temperature regime. Brook trout is most active in late autumn, when the water temperature in the rivers drops to 4-7 degrees Celsius. If, for example, heat water in a tank to 23 degrees and above, then this will certainly destroy the entire young population. For normal growth and development of brook trout, regular updating of water in the tank is necessary. The constant flow of cool, oxygen-enriched fluids and the regular cleaning of the pond will provide fish farmers with healthy fish.
Rainbow Trout Breeding
This species of trout lives in the mountain and taiga rivers of Russia. Her body has a wide and flat shape. A distinctive feature is the color. There are many orange spots on the body of the rainbow trout. Her food is identical to the brook type of trout, with the exception of cereals, which she consumes during their ripening. At home, individuals of this species can grow up to eighty centimeters in size and weight up to 12 kilograms. Unlike brook, rainbow trout tolerates a rise in water temperature, but at the same time can stop eating. The most acceptable living conditions for this fish will be a pond with a stream brought up to it or an artesian well. Accordingly, treatment facilities for the reservoir will be more expensive than for the ultrasonic treatment. In addition, it is necessary to equip the pond with installations for regular circulation of water and its saturation with oxygen.
How to feed trout?
In order to get good profit from the fish farm, you need to know the fact that the quality and taste characteristics of the fillet directly depend on what the fish eats. In this regard, experts recommend not saving on feed. Trout should eat a balanced protein-rich diet. Extruded feed is best used. It is noteworthy that the flesh acquires a beautiful scarlet shade under the influence of carotenoids - additives based on krill. If you feed trout with ordinary cheap compound feeds, then you can get a pale white fillet at the exit. Such a product will be extremely difficult to sell.
For the normal development of trout, she needs to consume feed in the amount of 10 percent of her body weight. It is important that 10% is the upper limit, which is not recommended to be exceeded. This can slow down fish growth. An adult must be fed up to four times a day, and young animals up to 7 times.
What is better to breed?
Trout can be bred both in the UZV and in ponds fed by cold streams and springs. However, not in all regions the normal development of this fish in the pond is possible. Trout does not tolerate hot weather. If the reservoir in the summer will be very hot, then this will certainly lead to the death of the livestock. Therefore, dilution under ultrasound conditions is more preferable. In pools, temperature and water quality are easier to control.