The prefix "races" and "times": the rule. Prefixes on "z" and "c": rule

Ra ... revels in the desire to ra .. get into writing?

Then let's start.

Prefixes –– and ––

Our language has a morphological principle of spelling, which is based on the fact that all morphemes are usually written the same way. A morpheme is a part of a word that has some meaning: it changes the word form (ending), forms a new word (prefix or suffix), or encompasses the main lexical meaning (root). In accordance with this principle, the spelling of consonants and vowels in prefixes is determined by this rule:

Prefixes are always written the same way, and their spelling does not depend on how they are pronounced.

You can see examples below.

So prefixes are usually written, but not the prefix ras- and raz-. The spelling rule for this case is peculiar, the so-called phonetic: how it is heard and spelled. This rule applies to all consoles that have the letters –z or –c at the end.

Examples:

raz-, ras-: dilute, reveal;

out-, out-: pour out, eradicate;

ascension, ascension: ascend, ascendant;

vz-, vs-: to weigh, open;

no-, dem-: ungodly, ingenuous;

bottom-, nis-: to overthrow, to descend;

through-, through-: extreme, interlaced.

The rule for spelling prefixes in –3 and –C

Spelling of prefixes on the s – s, times-, including, is determined by the rule:

The letter z is written before the consonants voiced , the letter c is written before the consonants deaf .

Now it does not hurt to remember what we call consonants voiced and what are deaf:

So, from the foregoing it follows the confirmation of the phonetic principle of writing the prefix with -s and -s at the end.

The prefixes on –– and –– must be distinguished from the prefix ––

The main difference between the console c - from the prefixes on –3 and –c in that c– consists of one letter and is always written the same, and before –3 and –c there must be some letters.

To do - to undress, to dump - to scatter, to squeeze - to get hold of, to burn - to kindle, to squeeze - to unclench, to spice up - to disassemble, to conspire - to talk, to save - to disassemble, to twist - to develop, to perish - to unbend, to rake - to rake.

Words without prefixes

The prefix c- and prefixes on –– and –– (the rule that regulates spelling is given above) cannot be confused with words without prefixes: the building, here, health, eyesight, zgi (do not see zgi).

At the beginning of these words the letter z is written.

The prefixes raz-, ras-, ros-, ros- have alternating vowels

There is one more difficulty that the prefix ras- and raz- can present. The spelling rule for prefixes –– and –– is not the only one. There is another spelling in this prefix.

The spelling of vowels in the prefix raz-, ras- - roz-, ros is represented by a morpheme with alternation and does not obey the generally accepted rule. How do you spell raz-, ras-, ros-, ros-? There is a special rule for this spelling: without accent we write raz- (ras-), and in the stressed position we will write ros (ras-): distribute - distributed, pour - bottling, play - raffle, paint - painting, cross out - stroke.

Repeat the study

At the beginning of our study, we asked ourselves:

Ra ... revels in the desire to ra .. get into writing?

Back to him.

How are prefixes written in -z and -s? The spelling rule –3 and –c at the end of the prefixes makes it possible to make the following reasoning:

In the word “bursting” - the prefix ras-, because after the prefix there is a dull consonant sound - [n].

In the word "to understand" - the prefix is ​​-, as follows after her sonorous consonant - [b].

The rule about alternating o / a in the prefix is- - grew-, once- - we apply in the discussion:

In the words “bursting” and “to understand” the shockless prefix means that you need to write the letter “A” in these words.

Test

So, we have gained knowledge about how to write the prefix ras- and raz-, the spelling rule is learned and worked out. It's time to go to the practical part and perform the test.

From these sentences from the work of A. Green write down the words that contain prefixes with the studied spelling.

1) Many years will pass, and one fairy tale will blossom, which will be remembered for a long time. Once, when you are big, a red sail will sparkle in the sea distance. A ship with red sails, breaking the waves, will sail straight to the shore. A crowd of people will stand on the shore, and you will be there. The ship will come nearer to the sounds of beautiful music, and from it will float a boat, all in carpets, flowers and gold. A handsome prince will stand in the boat, he will reach out to you and say: "Hello, Assol! You dreamed in my dream, and now I came for you." You will sit in a boat with him and sail away far, far into the magical land where the sun wakes up. And the stars will go down from heaven to see you and congratulate you on your arrival.

2) She lived half asleep. But the strange affection for his son was probably one of the inclinations that are vaguely felt, leaving the will inactive. Cold and impregnable, Lilian Gray, being alone with her son, became just a mother, talking in an affectionate voice about all sorts of hearty trifles, all of whose strength is not in sense but in feeling. She resolutely could not refuse him in any way and forgave everything.

3) At fourteen, Arthur secretly left the house. Soon, a schooner left the port, taking the young man with the appearance of a girl dressed as a masquerade. This young one was Gray. During the year, Arthur shook his property, consisting of patent leather boots and thin cambric linen, on a cake, and squandered the rest of the cards. He drank, choking, vodka, with a sinking heart in the bath, hopped head down from the side of the ship into the sea depths. He gradually lost everything except his strange soul, flying and striving. He lost the weakness and grace of the camp, becoming wide in his bones and strong muscles, his noble pallor gave way to a dark tan, the refined manner of movement disappeared, giving way to the confident accuracy of a working hand. Speech lost fluidity, became accurate and short.

The captain of the schooner, a stern sailor, when he once saw how masterfully Arthur knits a sail on a yarn, called him to his cabin and said, opening a frayed book:

- Listen carefully. We begin to make a captain out of a puppy.

4) She went ashore and, waiting for the dawn, worried and timid, peered very seriously at the horizon, waiting for the appearance of red sails. These minutes were the happiest for her among the gray everyday life, and it was difficult for her to abandon them, although they separated her from all other people, making her a laughing stock and an outcast. Loneliness immeasurably weighed upon her, and that suffering wrinkle had already laid down on her lips, which could not be erased by anything, only a joyful revival.

5) Assol hurried to the sea. Sometimes the roofs of houses or sheds were hidden from her by a white ship and red sails. Then Assol, fearing the disappearance of the vision, was in a hurry with all her might, and only again seeing the red sails, she stopped, breathing a sigh of relief. As soon as Assol appeared in the crowd, everyone fell silent and parted before her in fear, and she was left alone in the void, bewildered, happy and ashamed. With her cheeks no less scarlet than the sails from which she could not take her eyes, she helplessly extended her arms to the marvelous tall ship. From the excitement, the gleam of water and the radiance of scarlet silk, the girl could no longer distinguish what was moving: herself, the ship or boat, separated from the ship.

check yourself

1) Blossoms, dissecting, rises.

2) Inactive, talking.

3) Lost, revealing, frayed.

4) Dawn, immensely, eradicate.

5) Sighing, bewildered, helpless, discern.