Types of production - this is nothing more than a combination of features that determine the organizational and technological characteristics of the production process, carried out at one particular workplace, and on their combination in the scale of the site or even the whole plant.
Forms of organization are of no small importance for production, and the types of production predetermine them. The classification of the types of production process is based on some factors. These include the volume of output, its nomenclature, also the degree of constancy of this nomenclature and the nature of the load of all jobs. Based on these factors, these types of production are distinguished: the first group - single, the second - serial and the third - mass.
Organizational types of production, which are called single, are those production processes in which a wide range of products is manufactured in single copies and they are either non-repeating or repeated at intervals that are not defined. In the process of this, a wide variety of detail operations are carried out at each workplace (experienced workshops, single-unit workshops).
Types of production, called serial, is when a limited range of products is produced periodically in quantities that are determined by the batches of launch or release. At each specific workplace , several detailed operations are performed at once, while they alternate at intervals, that is, they are rhythmically repeated. There is a coefficient of seriality, called Lั, it quantitatively characterizes the level of seriality. So, when it increases, the level of specialization decreases, in mass production it is equal to one.
Types of production, called mass production, are those where, in significant quantities, a limited range of parts (products) is continuously produced. In each particular workplace, in this case, only one detail operation is performed. The main condition for the mass production process is the completeness of loading workplaces and equipment with the release of products of only one name.
Only one type of production does not have to exist at one particular enterprise; there are several at once. This can be explained by the fact that the level of specialization is low. There is also such a thing as types of enterprises, which are determined based on the complexity and nature of the output, as well as the volume of output.
There are only three types of enterprise. The first is mass production enterprises; they produce their entire product range or only its main part continuously.
The second type is serial production enterprises that produce products in batches, that is, serial production processes in this case prevail. Within this group there is also a very conditional division of processes into small-scale, serial, and large-scale ones. But it does not change the qualitative characteristics of the type of organization. This means that in any case, the output alternates in repeating batches.
The third type is enterprises of single production. They produce a wide range of products that does not have rhythmic repeatability. In this case, single production processes prevail.
Types of production can have a huge impact on the features of management, organization and economic performance of the entire enterprise. When the technical equipment of labor increases and the volume of output increases, there is a transition from a single type of production to serial and mass. As a result of this, the proportion of peopleโs labor decreases and the costs of maintaining and operating equipment increase significantly. The result is a reduction in the cost of production and a change in its structure.