The Simmental breed of cows, whose photo clearly indicates the thoroughbredness of these animals, was created in Switzerland. She is perhaps one of the oldest in the world. There is an assumption that cows of
Simmental breed originate from animals obtained from crossing wild tours with peat cattle. In the past they were called Bernese. From Switzerland, these animals were gradually exported to different countries.
To date, Simmental cows are bred for two purposes: meat and dairy-meat. In Russia, the second direction is most common.
The main color of this cattle is fawn-motley or fawn, less often - red-motley. A purebred Simmental cow has a pink tongue and a nasal mirror, as well as a pharynx and eyelids. Usually individuals at the height of the withers reach one hundred and forty centimeters. Simmental cows have a strong skeleton and proportional build. They have a large head with a wide frontal part. The neck is usually medium in length. The chest is deep and wide, and the bulls have a very developed chest. The back and back of the Simmental cow are wide, the rump is sometimes raised. Limbs correctly set. The udder has a rounded shape with a large margin, the nipples have a conical or cylindrical shape.
Specialists call the constitutional shortcomings of a Simmental cow a misplacing of its hind limbs, sagging back, as well as poor development of the front udder lobes.
With the help of this cattle several varieties were bred, such as Hungarian motley, Sadovskaya red, Bulgarian red, as well as Slovak red-motley.
The milk productivity of a Simmental cow is different depending on the breeding site. This livestock is most productive in the central chernozem regions, where the milk yield of individuals listed in the studbook gives five and a half thousand kilograms per lactation.
The record holder of the breed is Ryabushka-1413, which for its fourth milk production gave 14584 kilograms with a fat content of 3.82 percent.
Cows of the Simmental breed, which belong to such highly productive related groups with high fat milk production as the lines of Lord, Mergel, Fasadnik, Zipper, Toreador, became widespread.
Currently, the largest breeding herds are concentrated in the Voronezh breeding plant and in Ukraine in the Chernihiv region, as well as in Kiev.
Calving a Simmental cow is relatively easy. Calves whose live weight at the time of birth reaches forty-five kilograms can be successfully raised at various levels of feeding, and by the year they weigh three centners with a fat thickness of up to six millimeters.
The costs of growing Simmental gobies for meat up to a year and a half age reach a maximum of eight and a half feed units.
Those who raised these animals know how obedient and understanding they are. Other characteristics of simmental women are their mobility, good development of muscle tissue, as well as resistance to disease.