The city of Prokhladny is located in the north-east of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, in the Ciscaucasia, 50 km from Nalchik on the Malka River. The city is the second largest population in the republic. As of 2017, 57,880 people live here. This is the cultural, industrial and agricultural center of the republic. Cool is a large railway junction in Kabardino-Balkaria. The area is 35 km 2 .
The postal code for Cool Kabardino-Balkaria is 361050.
City geography
The territory of the city of Cool Kabardino-Balkaria is located in the forest-steppe zone. The relief is almost flat plain surfaces. In the southern part of the city, the terrain becomes hilly. The floodplain of the Malka River is raised by high terraces.
The main waterway of the city is the Malka River. To the south of Prokhladny are several small lakes, the largest of which is Komsomolskoe. Along the northern border of the city, the Prokhladnensky Canal is laid. Groundwater lies close to the surface.
History of the city
In 1765, a settlement of Zaporozhye Cossacks (a village) was founded on this territory. Since 1825, the settlement was officially called the village of Prokhladnaya. The postal tract passing through it connected Transcaucasia with Russia. In 1860, the village became the center of the Pyatigorsk branch of the Terek Cossack army.
In 1875, the Vladikavkaz-Rostov railway was opened. Prokhladnaya station becomes the main shopping center. It collected and dispatched agricultural products from all over the Terek region. Large-scale bazaars were held daily on the territory of the settlement; large fairs were held from time to time. In addition, the territory of the village of Prokhladnaya was famous for its vineyards.
During the October Revolution, the settlement passed from hand to hand between the Red Guards and the White Guards.
In 1923, the village of Prokhladnaya became an urban-type settlement. The population at that time was 4,400.
In 1937, the village received the status of a city.
In August 1941, the city was occupied by Nazi troops. Released in January 1943.
In 2003, the village center became the village of Soldiers. In 2007, the city of Cool Kabardino-Balkaria again became the center of the Prokhladnensky district.
Name origin history
There are many legends about the origin of the name of the city. The most common of them says that Potemkin, visiting these parts, noticed a village on the river bank. It was very hot, but the river blew cool. The settlement was located in a forest glade and was surrounded by greenery. When the prince drove into the village, coolness blew upon him. So he nicknamed the village - Cool.
Cool City: Economics
A repair factory, a Kavkazkabel factory, a semiconductor device factory are located on the territory of the city. There are enterprises of light, forestry, woodworking and food industries.
In agriculture, the priority is the cultivation of wheat, sunflower, corn, vegetables, fruits. In livestock breeding cattle, sheep, pigs.
The main city-forming enterprises:
Engineering
- Factory "Kavkazkabel", Ostapenko street, 21;
- Prokhladnensky semiconductor device factory, Lenin street, 104.
Woodworking industry
- Furniture factory "Cossack", Golovko street, 88. It produces upholstered and cabinet furniture.
Light industry
- Sewing factory, Freedom street, 139.
Services sector
- Tekhnosklad, city of Cool Kabardino-Balkaria, Proletarskaya street, 66, building 2.
Transport network of the city of Cool
The city of Prokhladny is located in Russia in Kabardino-Balkaria and is a major road and rail transport hub. There is a bus station and a train station.
There is a bus route from the city bus station to Germany.
Cultural and entertainment facilities of the city
The main cultural and entertainment center of the city is currently the Cool House of Culture. On its basis, the People’s Theater was created, where various cultural events are held.
In the microdistrict of Vinsovkhoz the Factory House of Culture is located.
Another cultural object operates on the territory of the city - the Palace of Culture "Vodnik". The reconstruction of the Mayak cinema has been completed.
The city has a library named after Maxim Gorky and a library named after Mayakovsky.
Sights of Cool city: description
The main city attraction and spiritual shrine is St. Nicholas Cathedral, which was erected in 1886 on the site of a burnt wooden church. The author of the project is architect Mikhail Surmievich. In 1901, the construction of the bell tower was completed.
On the territory of the cathedral is the Baptismal Church.
Currently, the construction of the Holy Protection Church is nearing completion.
There is a chapel on the territory of the Kholodnensky cemetery, which was erected in honor of the icon of the Mother of God of All Who Mourn, Joy.
The city has a historical museum located at 138 Svobody Street. Here you can see the culture, history, ethnography of the cool Cossacks (Tersky), household items, photographs and all kinds of documents are on display for visitors. The visitors are most interested in the interior of the home of Cossacks with household items of the 19th century.
Memorials and memorials of the city
The city is widely represented memorial sites associated with the history of the Great Patriotic War.
In the city there is a monument to collective farmers who died on the battlefields. Next to it is the grave of unknown soldiers, cadets of the Poltava tank school, who defended the city in 1942. Here, on the memorial plaque, a list of soldiers who have not returned from the war has been immortalized.
On Freedom Street, there is a square of Remembrance, in which a bust of Rear Admiral Arseniy Golovko, the commander of the Northern Navy, is installed. The city street is named after him.
In the central part of the city in Zavodskoy Park there is a memorial complex with eternal flame to soldiers of the Soviet Army, commanders and cadets of the Poltava Tank School, residents of the city who died during its defense in 1942. Here is the largest mass grave of city residents and soldiers who died during the Nazi occupation of the city (there are about 960 bodies in the grave). In the factory park there is a monument to a soldier and a worker, which symbolizes the union of the rear and the front. The monument was unveiled in 1968. A memorial sign to the Terek Cossacks who defended the city and died during World War II was also installed in the park.
In 1997, a monument was unveiled, perpetuating the dead cool citizens in the Afghan war.
In 1998, a monument to the liquidators of the Chernobyl accident was erected in the park.
On the territory of the motor transport enterprise there is a monument to the "Soldiers-drivers" who died during the Patriotic War.
In 1977, near the House of Culture of Railway Workers, a monument was located to teenagers who took part in the struggle against the German invaders.
At the entrance to the city stands a monument to the soldiers of the Soviet Army who died in battle during the liberation of the city.
During the occupation there was a concentration camp on the territory of the Food Processing Plant, in which 1976 people died at the hands of the Nazis. In memory of them, an obelisk was erected in 1947.
An unusual monument in the form of an arch with a bell in memory of residents of the city shot by German invaders was erected near the village of Vinsovkhoz.