The Romashkinskoye oil field is one of the ten supergiants according to international classification. When developing methods for oil production, Russian scientists made a number of discoveries, created unique technologies used in world practice of mining and exploration of minerals. The field has been exploited for more than sixty years, but its potential is still huge and is not fully known.
Discovery of Tatar oil
In the twenties of the last century, with the filing of the first Soviet government, exploration of Tatar oil began. The first expeditions that set off on a mission to find deposits were not successful, but already in 1930 the approach to exploration became more focused and motivated. A new attempt was associated with hostilities and the threat of Germany seizing the North Caucasus deposits.
The search was protracted, the first oil exploration experiments began only in 1941. Three years later, in the area of the village of Shugurovo, when drilling a well, it was possible to obtain an influx of oil of industrial scale - 15 tons of raw materials per day. The field was named after the locality near which the well was being developed. The Shugurovskoye field, became the starting point in the history of Tatar oil, and also prepared a big surprise for the discoverers.
Giant near Romashkino
In 1946, the Romashkinskoye oil field was discovered. Where is the giant that made Tatarstan one of the most important industrial regions? Twenty kilometers from the Shugurovsky oil field, next to the village of Romashkino (today the city of Leninogorsk is located here). For exploration purposes, a well was laid which, after two years of drilling, yielded results that exceeded any expectations. During the exploration work, the Devonian layer was passed, and on July 25, an oil fountain from the well filled a debit of more than 120 tons of oil per day.
The discovery of the Romashkinskoye field brought Stalin prizes to oil workers. Subsequent studies of the potential of oil deposits showed that the Shugurovskoye field is part of Romashkinskoye, and the structure of the natural storage is multi-layer. Oil production on an industrial scale began in the 50s.
As it turned out later, geologists discovered one of the mysterious deposits. Initial estimates of the deposits were estimated at 710 million tons of oil, now production has reached three billion tons. Experts note the pulsating state of the wells, which periodically empty and fill up again, so far no one can explain this phenomenon.
Specifications
After conducting a large-scale study of the potential of the oil-bearing layers, scientists came closer to understanding how the Romashkinskoye oil field developed and what potential it holds. Description of tectonic indicators relates it to Soksko-Sheshminsky shaft. A geological estimate of oil is five billion tons, and a reasonable reserve of reserves and the amount of extracted raw materials is three billion tons. The depth at which modern development is carried out does not exceed 1.8 kilometers. Dimensions are estimated approximately and are within 65 x 75 kilometers. Each day, the starting volume of each well is about two hundred tons.
Romashkinskoye oil field today contains about two hundred identified oil deposits. The density of the produced oil is 0.8 g / cm³ - 0.82 g / cm³, while the presence of sulfur and its components is about 2%. During field development, the methods of in-circuit and out-of-water flooding were introduced, which are now used in the world practice of developing oil mines. The oil production center of this field is the city of Almetyevsk.
Features
The multilayer Romashkinskoye oil field during development provoked a large number of innovations, discoveries and technological discoveries. In the largest Russian field, the layers, divided into layers, are located almost horizontally, this “cake” is separated by low-permeable clay rocks. Layering is irregular, and the field has high oil content and low hydraulic conductivity.
The Tatneft company is an operating company. Romashkinskoye oil field. Development is complicated by a high degree of internal corrosion of oil pipelines, which leads to large losses of metal, the early exit of pipelines from operation. This feature of local hydrocarbons requires constant monitoring of equipment, expensive repair of oil recovery systems and leads to intense environmental pollution. For example, an analysis of the failure rates of oil recovery systems at NGDU Irkenneft for 1999 shows that 27% of all breakdowns are associated with internal corrosion.
The Romashkinskoye oil field has another feature: in-circuit flooding is not just water, but with special requirements. For filling it is recommended to use water, which contains oil up to 20 mg / l, iron up to 2 mg / l and suspended particles of about 16 mg / l, and the size of the latter should not exceed a size of about 10 microns.
Current state
To date, more than one hundred hydrocarbon deposits have been discovered in the Republic of Tatarstan, the Romashkinskoye oil field is still the largest. Over the entire period of oil production in Tatarstan, more than 3 billion tons of oil was pumped out; the share of Romashkinskoye production in the total flow is more than 70%. Over 2.2 billion tons have already been selected from the bowels of the field, which means 85% of reserves.
According to the established opinion, in the near future, namely, in 2065, the reserves of the Romashkinsky giant listed on the balance sheet will be fully mined. At the present stage, additional exploration of the subsoil is planned, the introduction of the latest technologies that will extend production until 2200. According to recent studies by scientists, oil in the field is constantly fed from the depths, and therefore the production period is extended.
Perspective
Nature, like a genie from a fairy tale, creates with one hand, and destroys with the other. Not only is the oil-bearing layers replenished, but their destruction occurs, which leads to the formation of heavy oil and bitumen. Light oils of the Paleozoic period rise up and are oxidized, as a result of which they are transformed into a “tire” that preserves the lower layers of oil. Scientists believe that a similar situation is developing in most Tatarstan oil fields, not excluding the Romashkinskoye oil field. When will the giant end? The official answer to this question may be the following in 2026, but given the latest research - after a few centuries.
Development company
For several decades, Tatneft has been the sole developer of the Romashkinskoye field. About 60% of all black gold production in the company falls to Romashkinskoye NM, the rest of the production occurs at Novo-Elkhovsky, Bondyuzhansky, Sabanchinsky, Bavlinsky, Pervomaisky deposits.
The company pays great attention to the development and implementation of new approaches in oil production and exploration, tests innovative technologies, and improves facilities and machines. In 2006, the license to develop the Romashkinskoye field for PJSC Tatneft was extended until 2038.
Environmental factor
The ongoing selection of oil from the Romashkinskoye field, like from any other, affects the seismic situation in the region. The more intensive the development, the higher the risk of an earthquake. According to observations, in some years, up to seventy seismic events per year were observed in the development area. Technological emissions accompanying the operation of any oil industry complex also negatively affect the environment. Harmful and poisonous substances get into the air, soil, pollute the water.
PJSC Tatneft makes every effort to preserve the environment by developing the Romashkinskoye oil field. History knows a lot of catastrophes that changed the natural balance and therefore Russian business seeks to minimize the consequences.
Company Brief
In 1950, the USSR Council of Ministers created the Tatneft production and technical association. The company received the new status of an open joint-stock company in 1994.
The shareholders are approximately 45 746 legal entities and individuals. The largest of them:
- CJSC National Settlement Depository (more than 47% of the shares).
- OJSC "Central Depository of the Republic of Tatarstan" (about 33.6% of the shares).
- Lukoil Neseas Holding ltd acm, a subsidiary of Lukoil (about 7.3% of the shares).
- JSC Feisen Bank International (about 6% of the shares).
The general director of the company is Maganov Nail Ulfatovich, the chairman of the board of directors is Minnikhanov Rustam Nurgilievich.