Many well-known cultural figures are confident, and not without reason, that a person who is disrespectful of his native language is a savage. Experts rightly consider the Russian language a huge wealth. After all, it is precisely the language that testifies not only to the achievements or shortcomings of society, but also to the culture of man, his education.
One aspect of the Russian language is spoken language. Unfortunately, today she is in an unenviable state. The speech of the majority of the population is poor, filled with slang expressions, argo, warped words.
But the impression of a man, first of all, is made by his ability to speak. The culture of spoken language is exactly that “dress” by which one is greeted. It indicates a person’s education, his belonging to a certain social layer.
The trouble with our society is that even people whose profession is connected with the word are careless in their speech. The spoken language of politicians and journalists is full of colloquial language, incorrectly constructed phrases, and the use of incorrect grammatical forms. In addition, many politicians admit in their speeches that the proposals are too expressive, which is unacceptable in public speeches. For example, the President owns the phrase that “... Russia can properly warm”.
Many politicians are so addicted to “verbal creativity” that their spoken language is completely depreciated. Until now, Chernomyrdin’s reasoning that “... in Russia is not what is needed” is heard. Modern officials are not far behind him.
What is this quote worth (from a report by a senior Chelyabinsk official): “The birth rate in the region was ... low, but the team ... of the governor of the region ... coordinated their efforts, and ... more than 2,000 babies were born."
The revelations of the former Minister for Emergency Situations are surprising: “When I go to the bathhouse with a good company, a catastrophe is sure to happen somewhere.” Of course, the features of spoken language are its emotionality, but in this case, comments are superfluous.
In order for spoken language to be vivid, figurative, and most importantly understandable and logical, it is recommended to adhere to the norms that are enshrined in dictionaries and rules.
In Russian, the following points are strictly normalized:
• Lexical relevance. Its norms are enshrined in lexical dictionaries. Misuse of words often leads to complete distortion or loss of meaning of a phrase or utterance. A common mistake is the misuse of homonyms or paronyms - a bone (instead of an inert) mindset; skin (instead of leather) wallet.
Sometimes people simply do not understand the meaning of the words that they put into their speech (for example, Russia is experiencing another incident).
• Grammar forms are also fixed. They include rules regarding word formation, syntax, morphology.
In word formation, ways are fixed by which words can be formed. Typical mistakes are the misuse of affixes: transformation (instead of transformation), depth (instead of depth).
Morphology dictates the rules of education and combination of words, their exact use in context. You can not say: custom parcel, rail, shaggy cloud.
• Syntactic norms require the correct construction of phrases, phrases. The most common mistake today is the misuse of participles. According to the rules, they relate to the verb, indicate its additional action. Therefore, the phrases “when I went outside I felt hot”, “approaching the room, loud noises were heard” are categorically unacceptable.
• Stylist. Defines the rules for the use of vocabulary, depending on the specific situation. You can not use, for example, colloquial words in business speech.
• Pronunciation.
• Accent.
• Intonation.
The last three norms are fixed in orthoepic and spelling dictionaries.
Oral speech is one of the indicators of the general culture of any person. It must be constantly improved and developed. A correctly speaking person will be able to quickly achieve success in his personal life, in the professional sphere.