To successfully pass the examination work in the Russian language, the exercise and task in which can be on different rules, you need to know the grammar of the Russian language.
Performing various exercises and tests will help prepare for certification. Below are training exercises in the Russian language.
Spelling exercises
There are a great many spelling rules in the Russian language.
Spelling prefixes, roots, compound words, uppercase letters, endings, suffixes - this is not a complete list of spellings that the Russian language is rich in. Exercises with answers and explanations of some complex spelling are given in the table.
Spelling exercises| Exercise | Explanation | Answer |
Insert the missing letters. Expectations ... my, kind of ... my, raising ... my, hearing ... my, drawing ... my, fulfilling ... my, hanging ... my, saving ... my, using ... my, controlling ... my. | Spelling in suffixes of participles (suffering) of the present tense: if the participle goes back to the verb 1 of the conjugation, then the suffix -em- is written, if to the second, then -im- . | expected, visible, raised, heard, drawn, executed, dependent, used, controlled |
H or NN ? spend .. the, the heat .. the, the svar .. the, the var .. the one on the broth, the wound .. the one in the leg, the kosh .. the other, the cook .. the other, the buy .. the other, the seller .. the soot ..th, planting ..th. | Spelling in suffixes of participles (passive) of past tense: H is written in participles dating back to imperfective verbs, in participles that have no prefixes (with the exception of non-) and there are no dependent words. If the participle has a prefix, the suffix -ova-, -eva-, if it is formed from a perfect verb or if it has a dependent word, then NN is written in it. |
spent, fried, cooked, boiled in the broth, wounded in the leg, mowed, cooked, bought, sold, planted, planted |
Insert the missing letters. At the herbarium .., at the aircraft .., at the planetarium .., at the building .., at the room .., for Victory .., at the coffee shop .., at the ceremony .., at the provocation .., about the work .. | In nouns ending in -i, in the genitive, dative and prepositional cases, and in the noun on -th, in the prepositional case, the ending I. | in the herbarium, in aviation, in the planetarium, on the building, indoors, for Victoria, in the cafeteria, at the ceremony, in provocation, about the work |
Punctuation exercises
Punctuation makes it difficult to pass an exam in Russian. Punctuation exercises require both syntax knowledge and punctuation intuition.
The table gives exercises for some punctuation rules.
Russian language: rules and exercises for punctuation| Exercise | The rule | Answer |
Indicate the numbers where a comma is needed. Having taken a basket (1) standing on a bench (2), the guys went to the garden to pick berries (3) quickly ripening in the hot sun. | Separate definitions and circumstances: a separate definition expressed by the participle is marked with commas if it is after the word being defined, or if it has a causal or concessive meaning, or if it depends on the personal pronoun. Separate circumstances are highlighted with commas, if they are expressed by the participle. | 1,2,3 |
Indicate the numbers where a comma is needed. Birds arrive (1) and nest (2) and bears wake up. | A comma before the union and in sentences with homogeneous members and in complex sentences. If the union and not repeating and connects homogeneous members, then a comma is not put in front of it. If the union combines simple sentences that do not have common secondary members, then a comma is needed before it. | 2 |
Orthoepy Exercises
The orthoepic dictionary and training tasks given below will help you solve the Russian language exercise in which you need to correctly place the stress on the words.
Orthoepy Exercises| Exercise | Answer |
In which word the stressed vowel is highlighted incorrectly: Quarter, bourgeoisie, cakes, green, airports | quarter |
In which word the stressed vowel is highlighted incorrectly: phoning, wholesale, bant, indulge, beautiful | wholesale |
In which word the stressed vowel is highlighted incorrectly: CURTAIN, SECURITY, KITCHEN, CRANES, BLINDS | security |
Grammar Exercises
In the work on the Russian language, the exercise to find grammatical errors causes particular difficulties.
Such errors are very common: incorrect formation of the word form, incorrect construction of phrases and sentences, and others. Tasks for identifying grammatical errors are given in the table below.
Grammar Vision Exercises| Exercise | A comment | Answer |
Find and correct the mistake in using the word form: contracts, no waffles, five kilograms, peculiar to her | Errors in the formation of word forms in different parts of speech | peculiar |
Find and correct a mistake in building collocations. Grandmother and granddaughter lived in the village; according to the law; fly by helicopter; most cities are not listed | Errors in the formation of phrases | most not included |
Speech Error Exercises
In the final work on the Russian language, the exercise, which provides a detailed answer, is fraught with many dangers, it makes numerous speech errors.
In another way they are called stylistic mistakes, as they are associated with the misuse of words. Below, in the table, tasks for determining speech errors are given.
Speech Error Exercises| Exercise | Answer |
Find and correct a speech error. An adventure happened to him last summer. | adventure happened |
Find and correct a speech error. You will find a lot of interesting things in my autobiography. | in autobiography |
Find and correct a speech error. The team was defeated in the competition. | was defeated |
Finding lexical means of expression
Many texts of exercises in the Russian language contain synonymous series, phraseological units, outdated vocabulary, vernacular or contextual synonyms and antonyms - all these are lexical means of expression. The wording of the assignment may be different, for example, write phraseologism from the text.
Tasks for finding lexical means| Exercise | Answer |
Write out archaism from the text. Vitaly served with one famous person. This public figure had thousands of friends and no less enemies. She had twenty subordinates. Her right hand was heavy, but very generous. Everyone worked and did not complain. Respected. | right hand |
Finding communication tools offers
The task of finding communications is provided for in the certification work on the Russian language. The exercise aims to identify students' level of proficiency in determining the grammatical connectivity of the text. Communication tools are morphological, lexical and syntactic.
How to do an exercise in the Russian language to find means of communication, the algorithm will tell you:
- Read the text carefully, especially the sentence in which you need to find a means of communication.
- Remember what communications are.
- Find a means of communication, most often it is located at the beginning of the sentence.
Finding communication tools offers| Exercise | Answer |
Determine which sentence is related to the previous one using a possessive pronoun. (1) I will tell you a secret, a clear shortcoming of our time is the lack of love. (2) Now there is no culture of love, no love for each other. (3) But it is love that gives rise to respect, kindness and other best feelings. (4) It helps to see beauty in a person. (5) Let us recall at least Don Quixote. (6) His love for an imaginary woman made him a man worthy of love. | 6 |
Finding expressive means
Every year in the examination work on the Russian language the task is complicated to determine the visual and expressive means. The table below shows exercises for finding means of expressiveness.
Finding expressive means| Exercise | Answer |
Determine which visual expressive means have been used. He did not understand who the friend was. He did not understand who the enemy was. | parallelism |
Determine which visual expressive means have been used. A feeling of bitter joy was born in his soul. | oxymoron |
Determine which visual expressive means have been used. She learned everything from I. Brodsky. | metonymy |
Performing exercises and tests helps prepare for certification. We have given training exercises in the Russian language that may be useful.