In conditions of constant environmental pollution not only by industrial wastes, but also by seemingly “harmless” dishwashing cleaners, analysis of wastewater water is becoming an urgent necessity. How, by whom and in what cases such an analysis is carried out - more about this in the article.
Pure water - natural wealth
A person consists of water at 60 percent, which means that water is one of the most important resources on our planet. But here is the paradox - it is subjected to the greatest pollution by a person. Of course, the time has passed when people certainly wanted to “turn the river back”, but the time for true respect for nature has not yet arrived. Production enterprises continue to be guided exclusively by considerations of economy and profit, ignoring the preservation of the ecological cleanliness of the space in which we live and our children will live.
The state is trying to regulate the ecological balance with the help of rules and responsibility, however, as Professor Preobrazhensky said: "The devastation begins in the head." The purity of nature and water can only be ensured by starting with one's own behavior.
State regulation of water balance
There are a number of state standards that are accepted at the state level on the quality of drinking water, as well as norms for effluents and maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants.
When carrying out production activities, water management passports are developed, including for taking into account risk factors: they take into account not only the balance of water consumption and water disposal, water sources, but also possible pollutants, as well as their maximum permissible concentrations and purification methods.
Analysis of wastewater water is mandatory when conducting economic activities, as well as for enterprises involved in water treatment: they need to periodically check the quality of wastewater entering the treatment plant.
Chemical analysis of wastewater
An enterprise that discharges wastewater is required to control their quality. Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely avoid water pollution, but it must meet the criteria established in the contract between the consumer and the local water utility or other organization responsible for wastewater treatment.
Chemical analysis reveals the presence of unacceptable substances in wastewater or their elevated concentrations. Analysis of wastewater water can be carried out according to the following indicators:
pH
chlorides;
iron;
dry residue ;
copper;
petroleum products;
chromium;
- lead;
zinc;
sulfates;
suspended solids;
- other components.
Domestic wastewater does not pose as high a threat to environmental safety as polluted industrial effluents. Nevertheless, they must be checked for quality. The content of fats, phosphorus, ether-extracted and other pollutants is determined in domestic wastewater.
Who has the right to analyze the quality of wastewater?
Water quality control is also regulated by regulatory legal acts: the body authorized to conduct wastewater analysis is a laboratory certified in the prescribed manner.
Such a laboratory can be either an independent entity or work as part of a manufacturing enterprise. Its activities are subject to some mandatory requirements:
- it must be certified in the state metrological system, and certification is carried out with a certain frequency;
- Wastewater research can only be carried out with the help of attorneys in the established order of measuring instruments.
Analysis of wastewater water can be both scheduled, carried out with a certain periodicity, and unscheduled, in case of detection of volley discharges of pollutants or for other reasons.
The analysis procedure consists of several stages:
- A sample is taken first . Sampling is carried out in the presence of a representative of the enterprise and the relevant act is drawn up based on its results.
- Then a laboratory analysis is carried out directly , according to the results of which a protocol for the study of water quality is compiled.
- Based on the protocol, conclusions are made about the quality of the wastewater; if unacceptable pollution is detected, the local water utility can set a considerable fine for the violator.
Obviously, it is beneficial for the company to independently control the quality of effluents using its own laboratory or by ordering analysis in a specialized organization. Such a move will ultimately be cheaper, and the environment will become a little cleaner.