The verb “appeal” is a word borrowed from a foreign language. This is probably why its use is associated with a common speech error.
Origin of the word
The word "appeal" comes from the Latin appellare, which means - "call, speak." The root word is the noun “appeal”. In Latin, appellatio means "conversion." For centuries, this term has been associated with legal operations. Let us briefly consider what it means. Perhaps this will best explain how to correctly use the verb “appeal” in a single-root speech. The meaning of this term is enshrined in legislative documents.
What do lawyers mean?
Suppose a court ruled on a specific criminal or civil case. The convict and his lawyer do not agree with the court decision. They have the legal right to appeal to a higher court so that the work of the trial court is checked and the decision is possibly reviewed. An appeal can be complete when the case is reassessed, and incomplete when the higher judicial authority verifies the correct operation of the lower.
Other meanings of the word
It turns out that an appeal is an appeal to a higher level of power. So, to appeal is to contact higher authorities. Of course, this concept gradually emerged from a narrow circle of legal terminology and began to be used in a broader sense. What do dictionaries say about him?
In Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary, the meaning of the word “appeal” does not go beyond jurisdiction. Here it is explained as an action to appeal a lawsuit, a “cry for justice." The synonyms of the verb in this case are the words “complain”, “send a petition”. In Ozhegov’s more modern Explanatory Dictionary, the verb is allowed to denote not only the judicial procedure, but also the attraction of public attention. To appeal is to seek public opinion for support and advice. Both meanings are enshrined in the Big Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language edited by S. A. Kuznetsov. In this case, it is possible to appeal to the masses for understanding and assistance. The synonym for the word is “cry,” “ask.” In olden times, this verb was used in the meaning: to refer to authority. This semantic connotation is acceptable to use now. For example, appeal to the opinion of Professor Likhachev; appeal to history.
Why you can not appeal with words
Now it becomes clear why the verbal formula “appeal with words” is a gross speech mistake. Perhaps it is due to the fact that the phrase resembles a similar construction, but completely different in meaning, expression "operate with words, terms." Indeed, it is possible to operate with something, but it is permissible to appeal only to someone or something. For example: “The team appealed to the authorities to restore the former foreman at work”; "I appeal to your conscience." In olden times, it was possible to use a form in which it was supposed to appeal to something: "He decided to appeal to a court decision, which seemed to him unfounded."
Grammatical portrait
From the point of view of the grammar of the Russian language, the word appeal is a verb in the form of an infinitive, irrevocable, in real voice. It can be used in the past, present and future tenses. Refers to the first conjugation. It can be changed by faces: I appeal (you, -yut); by numbers: you appeal (-et), in the past tense - by birth: appealed (a, -o).
The verb is able to form perfect and imperfect forms, form the participles and participles of the present and past tense. The verb can be used in the indicative, conditional and imperative mood. The emphasis in the infinitive and in all other forms of the verb falls on the third syllable: appeal.
Speech mistakes with borrowed words
The existence of new words that came from other languages ​​is an objective phenomenon. But, unfortunately, errors in their use are also associated with this. The comic of such verbal incidents is in a well-known joke.
- Anka tells Petka:
“I made such a glass at the ball yesterday!”
- Yes, not a glass, but fodder, silly! - corrects Petka.
- And let's go, ask Vasil Ivanovich.
- Vasil Ivanovich, how to say it correctly: produced a glass or fodder?
- You know, guys, I'm not Copenhagen in this business! - the commander shrugs.
It is clear that Anka had in mind the word “furor,” that is, noisy public success, and Vasily Ivanovich wanted to say that he was not competent in these matters, that is, he was not a specialist. Alas, such passages are not only found in jokes.
In the sentence, "The girl had a priority over literature," the word inclination is clearly implied. Priority, that is, primacy, may not be to something, but to something: priority in the economy. Another example: “The director read me an annotation so that I could study well.” Instead of the word “notation”, which means “moralizing,” the word is used, the meaning of which is a brief description of an article, book, monograph. Other examples: “I provided my reputation with the documents.” The word "reputation" is incorrectly used in the meaning of "autobiography", while the true meaning of this word is the established opinion of someone.
Often errors in the coordination and management of words also occur in the use of native Russian tokens. For example: "A seller for food products is required." The word "seller" is used with nouns in the genitive case: seller (what?) Of food products. Another example: "I will help you with education." You can help with something, but not with something. Therefore, the correct version of the phrase may be: "I will help in school" or "I can help to master knowledge in such a discipline."