In the capital of the Russian Black Earth region there are a great many interesting and even unique objects for a researcher who is interested in culture, geography, ethnography, history and much more.
And a separate line in this rich list are local engineering structures, in particular bridges.
The beginning of a stormy life
The history of the Chernavsky bridge of Voronezh has been two and a half centuries. In the 17th century, in Voronezh, across the river of the same name, the usual crossing point was a region where over the ravine the mighty oaks made a forest, nicknamed by the people “black”. By the street of Great Chernavskaya the road led to the river. Here in 1768 a bridge was built, fragile, wooden. Then it was constantly updated, driving to work peasant fines for arrears from the surrounding counties. Since then, the construction has lived a stormy life.
Chronology of the bridge of modern times
- 1786 - a new bridge with movable gates and a dam (they say that 2 million 400 thousand carts with land and brushwood were laid in its foundation).
- 1788 - the City Council renewed the Chernavsky bridge.
- 1792 - his flood mercilessly washed away.
- 1820s - The dam is reinforced with stone, and the bridge with durable piles. Famous Russian writers Lermontov and Griboedov, critic Belinsky, and, possibly, Pushkin himself, flocked in carts along the postal tract of state importance passing here.
- 1849 - the collapse of the wooden bridge by the military engineer Sentyanin.
- 1857 - 1858 - the representative of the railway lines engineer Myslovsky presented the bridge architecture with arched architecture.
- 1885 - 1886 - the zemstvo last in this story with a wooden structure completes the “fragile” period of the history of the Chernavsky bridge of Voronezh.
- 1908 - 1909 - almost the first in Russia here, under the guidance of an engineer from Voronezh Khrshchonovich, a reinforced concrete bridge grew.
Bridge in recent history
- 1942 (July) - evacuation of the Voronezh residents through the Chernavsky bridge and the retreat of parts of the Soviet army. On July 6, part of this strategic facility was destroyed in order not to let the fascist invaders go further.
- 1943 - restoration of a temporary crossing over the Voronezh River.
- 1959 - the architect Kozhevnikov from Moscow and 409 Bridge trains put into operation the largest Soviet bridge for cars. Soon Voronezh began to consider it a symbol of the city and one of the main local attractions. Local historians keep a unique photo of the Chernavsky bridge of Voronezh. More precisely, two bridges, as in this image both structures are clearly visible: both blown up during the retreat, and newly built nearby in 1959.
- 1970s - a historical monument - the bicentennial dam of the Chernavsky bridge in Voronezh has become a city beach.
- 1972 - at the place of the river the Voronezh reservoir spilled (it is even called the Voronezh Sea). The piers of the Chernavsky bridge ceased to cope with large water.
- 1989 - “diagnosed” to the bridge - emergency condition!
- 1990 - 1996 - Work on the reconstruction of stage I (the creation of a temporary crossing).
- 2008 - the strongest supports were erected, and the first stage of the renewed Chernavsky bridge adopted an endless stream of cars.
- 2009 - the tests are behind, the operation of the bridge is recognized as safe, constant movement along it has been started and a trolleybus line is being prepared for launch.
Total: the last construction of the Chernavsky bridge of Voronezh lasted 19 years under the federal program for twenty Russian regions.
Service brothers
Many brothers of Chernavsky, Voronezh bridges of various designs and destinies, serve people faithfully and truthfully.
In addition to the Chernavsky bridge, Voronezh (its right and left parts) is also connected by such bridges: Severny (ten years ago trams ran along its second level), Zheleznodorozhny (the most important transport link of the railway and a popular place for lovers of extreme diving), VOGRESovsky (half a kilometer bridge from which the nearby state district power station is well visible).
The picturesque Stone Bridge is the favorite nature of local artists. They can often be seen here with an easel, depicting the old masonry, colorful arches of this building. In the picture of the artist Sergei Steponaitis, one of the most popular sights of Voronezh, also claiming to be the symbol of the central city of the Russian Black Earth region.
The ancient Kamenny and the only suspension bridge, Kuznetsk bridges, are obligatory points in the wedding voyages of Voronezh residents. The bride and groom traditionally begin their family life from here. Bridges for memory remain chained locks with the names of the young.